BIN2 (bridging integrator 2)

Gene Basic Information

Gene Basic Information

symbol:
BIN2
locus group:
protein-coding gene
location:
12q13.13
gene_family:
alias symbol:
BRAP-1
alias name:
None
entrez id:
51411
ensembl gene id:
ENSG00000110934
ucsc gene id:
uc001ryg.4
refseq accession:
NM_001290007
hgnc_id:
HGNC:1053
approved reserved:
2000-05-25

Chromosome Location

Chromosome Location

12q13.13

Gene Summary

Gene Summary

BIN2（BRASSINOSTEROID-INSENSITIVE 2）是植物中一个重要的负调控因子，属于GSK3（糖原合成酶激酶3）样激酶家族，该家族在进化上保守，参与多种信号通路调控。BIN2主要通过磷酸化修饰下游靶蛋白（如BZR1/BES1转录因子）抑制油菜素内酯（BR，一种促进植物生长的激素）信号通路。当BR缺乏时，BIN2保持活跃，阻碍植物细胞伸长和分化；当BR存在时，BIN2被抑制，解除对下游生长促进因子的阻断。BIN2突变（如功能丧失突变）会导致植株出现组成性BR响应表型，表现为茎秆过度伸长、叶片下卷等异常形态，而过度表达则引起BR信号受阻，导致植株矮化。BIN2的功能异常与作物株型改良密切相关，例如通过调控其表达可改变水稻穗型或株高。BIN2家族（GSK3-like kinases）的共性包括：依赖磷酸化传递信号、参与发育与应激响应、具有多通路交叉调控能力（如与光信号或逆境信号互作）。若BIN2表达降低，会增强BR信号通路，促进细胞扩张；若过表达则抑制BR途径，同时可能干扰其他GSK3家族成员调控的进程（如碳代谢或病原防御）。研究还发现BIN2同源基因在动物中（如人类GSK3β）与神经退行性疾病相关，但植物BIN2主要关联农业性状而非疾病。专业术语解释：磷酸化——通过添加磷酸基团改变蛋白质活性的修饰；油菜素内酯（Brassinosteroid）——一类调控植物生长的甾醇类激素；转录因子——控制基因开关的蛋白质。

ChineseEnglish

None

OMIM entry for BIN2     Wikipedia entry for BIN2

Gene Sequence

Gene Sequence

Nucleotide sequence of BIN2:[NCBI]
Loading Gene Browser...

Encoded Protein

Encoded Protein

Protein Sequence
1MAEGKAGGAA GLFAKQVQKK FSRAQEKVLQ KLGKAVETKD
41ERFEQSASNF YQQQAEGHKL YKDLKNFLSA VKVMHESSKR
81 VSETLQEIY SSEWDGHEEL KAIVWNNDLL WEDYEEKLAD
121QAVRTMEIYV AQFSEIKERI AKRGRKLVDY DSARHHLEAV
161Q NAKKKDEA KTAKAEEEFN KAQTVFEDLN QELLEELPIL
201YNSRIGCYVT IFQNISNLRD VFYREMSKLN HNLYEVMSKL
241EK QHSNKVF VVKGLSSSSR RSLVISPPVR TATVSSPLTS
281PTSPSTLSLK SESESVSATE DLAPDAAQGE DNSEIKELLE
321EEE IEKEGS EASSSEEDEP LPACNGPAQA QPSPTTERAK
361SQEEVLPSST TPSPGGALSP SGQPSSSATE VVLRTRTASE
401GSEQ PKKRA SIQRTSAPPS RPPPPRATAS PRPSSGNIPS
441SPTASGGGSP TSPRASLGTG TASPRTSLEV SPNPEPPEKP
481VRTPE AKEN ENIHNQNPEE LCTSPTLMTS QVASEPGEAK
521KMEDKEKDNK LISANSSEGQ DQLQVSMVPE NNNLTAPEPQ
561EEVSTS ENP QL
结构预测来自 AlphaFold DB（UniProt: Q9UBW5），颜色表示 pLDDT 置信度（深蓝高、黄橙低）。

Gene Variants

Gene Variants

SNP variants of BIN2:           Showing partial SNPs
rs766903       rs775049       rs775050       rs1044981       rs1362963       rs1820617       rs1965075       rs1991433       rs2011124       rs2288367       rs2288368       rs2359450       rs3210837       rs3759175       rs3782468       rs3782469       rs3843650      

Gene Expression

Gene Expression

Tissue expression of BIN2:    [UniProt]

Gene expression across tissues

Gene Primers

Gene Primers

Forward Primer
Forward Tm
Reverse Primer
Reverse Tm
Score
TGCAGAAGAAGTTTAGCAGG
58
GAGGCTCAGGTTAGAAGCA
59
ACATCTCAGGTTGCTTCAG
58
AGGAGTTAGCTGAGATAAGCT
58
CCATCGTATGGAATAATGATCTCC
59
CATAGATTTCCATGGTCCTTACAG
59
CCTTAATGACATCTCAGACCAG
58
CTCTTCTTGAGGTTCAGGTG
58
CTCTACGAGGTGATGAGCA
59
GCTGTTCGAACTTGACAGTC
60
ACATCTCAGGTTGCTTCAG
58
AGGAGTTAGCTGAGATAAGCT
58
TATTGGCTGCTATGTGACCA
59
ATTGTGGTTCAGCTTGCTC
59
TGCAGAAGAAGTTTAGCAGG
58
AACTTCTCCGTTGTAGAAGG
57
TATTGGCTGCTATGTGACCA
59
ATTGTGGTTCAGCTTGCTC
58
GAGATGGAGTCTTGCTCTG
57
CATGCATCACTTTGACTGC
58

Transcription Factors

Transcription Factors

      No data available

Gene Ontology

Subcellular localization of BIN2 (and its protein):

[UniProt]     [GenomeNet]

" d="M482.414,245.296c3.539,4.293,4.455,10.009,0.202,11 c-4.244,0.996-4.983-10.983-8.293-8.438c-5.271,4.08,9.834,12.271,5.144,17.287c-3.717,3.607-6.172-5.75-10.839-1.976 c-4.673,3.776,6.781,7.299,2.831,11.326c-4.354,4.045-6.979-1.449-9.837-5.517c-1.193-1.742-2.059-3.851-3.595-2.748 c-1.516,1.078-1.854,1.795-0.938,3.666c2.374,4.854,9.235,10.119,5.156,12.535c-5.636,3.346-5.044-8.871-9.426-7.574 c-4.388,1.291,2.557,10.66-1.245,11.141c-4.089,0.545-3.483-10.239-6.979-8.575c-2.522,1.206-0.929,3.071-0.938,4.899 c0.004,1.32-0.964,3.6-2.372,4.062c-3.593,1.171-8.544-1.065-10.251-3.59c-6.04-8.93,0.396-15.997,4.639-7.015 c3.023,4.642,5.182,0.834,2.839-2.219c-1.032-1.354-4.309-5.901-0.781-7.252c2.904-1.113,4.271,1.941,5.985,4.592 c2.61,4.016,5.485,0.117,3.031-3.414c-1.828-2.633-2.74-3.803,3.156-7.42c6.405-4.369,6.52,3.869,10.077,0.646 c2.309-1.832-4.783-5.149,0.06-8.995c2.896-2.293,5.18,6.207,7.961,3.516c3.523-2.737-7.717-7.369,0.117-11.736 C473.413,240.77,480.519,242.891,482.414,245.296z"/> Extracellular space Cytosol Plasma membrane Cytoskeleton Lysosome Endosome Peroxisome ER Golgi Apparatus Nucleus Mitochondrion 0 1 2 3 4 5 Confidence
  • plasma membrane
  • cytoplasm
  • extracellular
  • golgi
  • vesicle
  • cytoskeleton
  • endoplasmic reticulum
  • nucleus
  • endosome
  • lysosome
  • mitochondrion

Gene Ontology (GO) terms for BIN2:

GO ID
Protein
Source DB
GO:0005737
A0A087X188 (UniProtKB)
IEA
GO:0005737
A0A0A0MT10 (UniProtKB)
IEA
GO:0005737
F5H0W4 (UniProtKB)
IEA
GO:0002102
Q9UBW5 (UniProtKB)
IDA
GO:0005515
Q9UBW5 (UniProtKB)
IPI
GO:0005543
Q9UBW5 (UniProtKB)
IDA
GO:0005938
Q9UBW5 (UniProtKB)
IEA
GO:0006911
Q9UBW5 (UniProtKB)
IMP
GO:0030054
Q9UBW5 (UniProtKB)
IEA
GO:0042995
Q9UBW5 (UniProtKB)
IEA
GO:0060326
Q9UBW5 (UniProtKB)
IMP
GO:0071800
Q9UBW5 (UniProtKB)
IMP
GO:0097320
Q9UBW5 (UniProtKB)
IDA
GO:0001891
Q9UBW5 (UniProtKB)
IDA
GO:0005737
S4R3J0 (UniProtKB)
IEA
GO:0005737
S4R418 (UniProtKB)
IEA

Related microRNA

Related microRNA

microRNAs potentially regulating BIN2:     

Gene Interactions

Gene Interactions

BioGrid
Loading…
Interacting Gene Interaction Source/Score

Gene Pathways

Gene Pathways

Related Diseases

Related Diseases

Disease Score NofPmids NofSnps Source
Disease Score NofPmids NofSnps Source
Tobacco Use Disorder 0.002367032 1 0 GAD

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Liu Y, Meng X, Chen C, Wang Q, Song X, Chen S, Ahammed GJ, Zhou Y, Yu J, Xia X Cell Rep IF: 6.9 2026-02-24
BIN2 phosphorylation of GRF5 suppresses low-nitrate root foraging by inhibiting transcriptional activity and UBP12/13-mediated deubiquitination.
Li T, Yao X, Liu D, Kang X, Fang K, Zhao M, Zhao Y, Cai Y, Sun J, Tian W, Gong L, Wu Z, Wei W, Li M, Liao C, Wang L, Lin H, Zhang D Cell Rep IF: 6.9 2026-05-26
Optimizing laboratory X-ray diffraction contrast tomography: Effects of detector binning.
Ni X, Xia Y, Fang H, Lu J, Lin F, Fan G, Zhang Y Ultramicroscopy IF: 2.6 2026-07-00
Integrated bioinformatics and machine learning to explore the common mechanisms and potential biomarkers between periodontitis and preterm birth.
Mei F, Liu Y, Xu W, Liu R, Wang X, Li T, Chen Y, Wu T, Zhang W Front Cell Dev Biol IF: 5.3 None
Brassinosteroids promote sugar synthesis by inhibiting BIN2 phosphorylation of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase.
Zhang H, Aizezi Y, Bessho-Uehara K, Chaudhary A, Trinh CS, Xu SL, Wang ZY Nat Plants IF: 15.0 2026-08-28

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