KRAS基因详情-基因数据库-基因云馆

KRAS (KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase)

symbol:: KRAS
locus group:: protein-coding gene
location:: 12p12.1
gene_family:: RAS type family GTPases
alias symbol:: KRAS1|K-Ras4B
alias name:: None
entrez id:: 3845
ensembl gene id:: ENSG00000133703
ucsc gene id:: uc001rgp.3
refseq accession:: NM_033360
hgnc_id:: HGNC:6407
approved reserved:: 1988-06-02

12p12.1

KRAS（Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog）是一种原癌基因，属于RAS基因家族，该家族还包括HRAS和NRAS。RAS家族基因编码小GTP酶蛋白，在细胞信号传导中起关键作用，主要调控细胞增殖、分化和存活。KRAS蛋白在RAS-MAPK和PI3K-AKT等信号通路中作为分子开关，通过结合GTP（激活状态）或GDP（失活状态）传递生长因子受体的信号。KRAS的常见突变（如G12D、G12V、G13D）会导致其持续激活，无法水解GTP，从而促进细胞不受控增殖，与多种癌症密切相关，尤其是胰腺癌（90%突变率）、结直肠癌（40%）和肺癌（30%）。KRAS突变还影响肿瘤微环境，促进免疫逃逸。KRAS过表达会增强下游通路活性，加速肿瘤进展和转移；而敲低KRAS可抑制肿瘤生长，但可能影响正常组织（如造血系统）的稳态。KRAS的突变体（如G12C）已成为靶向治疗热点，相关抑制剂（如Sotorasib）通过共价结合突变位点阻断信号传导。KRAS还与代谢重编程相关，突变后会增强糖酵解（Warburg效应）。KRAS家族基因的共性是编码高度保守的GTP结合蛋白，均含效应结构域和膜定位信号，依赖翻译后修饰（如法尼基化）定位至细胞膜。KRAS的不同剪接变体（4A/4B）可能影响其功能特异性。由于KRAS在癌症中的核心作用，其调控机制和靶向策略是肿瘤研究的重要方向。

中文English

本基因，姬ras癌基因来自哺乳动物ras基因家族同源物，编码的蛋白质，它是小GTP酶超家族的成员。单一氨基酸取代是负责活化突变。该成果转化蛋白在各种恶性肿瘤，包括肺腺癌，粘液瘤，胰腺和结直肠癌性导管癌牵连。选择性剪接导致变体编码两种亚型，在C-末端区域不同。 [由RefSeq的，2008年7月提供]

OMIM数据库中对KRAS基因的介绍 Wikipedia数据库中对KRAS基因的介绍

KRAS基因的碱基序列：[NCBI]

Loading Gene Browser...

蛋白质序列

1MTEYKLVVVG AGGVGKSALT IQLIQNHFVD EYDPTIEDSY
41RKQVVIDGET CLLDILDTAG QEEYSAMRDQ YMRTGEGFLC
81
VFAINNTKS FEDIHHYREQ IKRVKDSEDV PMVLVGNKCD
121LPSRTVDTKQ AQDLARSYGI PFIETSAKTR QRVEDAFYTL
161V
REIRQYRL KKISKEEKTP GCVKIKKCII M

结构预测来自 AlphaFold DB（UniProt: P01116），颜色表示 pLDDT 置信度（深蓝高、黄橙低）。

KRAS基因的碱基突变：仅显示部分snp

rs712 rs8720 rs9266 rs12245 rs12587 rs13096 rs14172 rs1137188 rs1137189 rs1137196 rs1137282 rs1141947 rs1803873 rs2955408 rs2970532 rs4246228 rs4246229

KRAS基因在不同组织中的表达： [UniProt]

正向引物序列

正向Tm值

反向引物序列

反向Tm值

评分

AGAGTGCCTTGACGATACAG

CACCTCTATTGTTGGATCATATTCG

GCCTTCTAGAACAGTAGACAC

CATCAACACCCTGTCTTGTC

GATCCAACAATAGAGGATTCCT

TGCTGTGTCGAGAATATCC

TAGGCAAGAGTGCCTTGAC

AGGCATCATCAACACCCTC

GAGTGCCTTGACGATACAG

CACCTCTATTGTTGGATCATATTCG

TGATCCAACAATAGAGGATTCC

GCTGTGTCGAGAATATCCA

GCCTTCTAGAACAGTAGACAC

ATCAACACCCTGTCTTGTC

TAGGCAAGAGTGCCTTGAC

CATCAACACCCTCTATTGTTGG

GAGTGCCTTGACGATACAG

TGCTTCCTGTAGGAATCCTC

CCTTGACGATACAGCTAATTCAG

CACCTCTATTGTTGGATCATATTCG

转录因子

影响基因

影响类型

参考文献链接（PubMed）

MYC

KRAS

Activation

21252116

KRAS基因（以及对应的蛋白质）的细胞分布位置：

[UniProt] [GenomeNet]

质膜
细胞质
细胞外
高尔基体
囊泡
细胞骨架
内质网
细胞核
内体
溶酶体
线粒体

KRAS基因的本体（GO）信息：

GO库代码

对应的蛋白质

来源代码

GO:0005525

G3V4K2 (UniProtKB)

IEA

GO:0005622

G3V4K2 (UniProtKB)

IEA

GO:0007264

G3V4K2 (UniProtKB)

IEA

GO:0016020

G3V4K2 (UniProtKB)

IEA

GO:0005525

G3V5T7 (UniProtKB)

IEA

GO:0005622

G3V5T7 (UniProtKB)

IEA

GO:0007264

G3V5T7 (UniProtKB)

IEA

GO:0016020

G3V5T7 (UniProtKB)

IEA

GO:0000165

P01116 (UniProtKB)

TAS

GO:0001934

P01116 (UniProtKB)

IMP

GO:0002223

P01116 (UniProtKB)

TAS

GO:0003924

P01116 (UniProtKB)

IEA

GO:0005515

P01116 (UniProtKB)

IPI

GO:0005515

P01116 (UniProtKB)

IPI

GO:0005515

P01116 (UniProtKB)

IPI

GO:0005515

P01116 (UniProtKB)

IPI

GO:0005525

P01116 (UniProtKB)

IEA

GO:0005737

P01116 (UniProtKB)

IDA

GO:0005739

P01116 (UniProtKB)

IEA

GO:0005829

P01116 (UniProtKB)

IEA

GO:0005886

P01116 (UniProtKB)

TAS

GO:0005886

P01116 (UniProtKB)

TAS

GO:0005886

P01116 (UniProtKB)

TAS

GO:0005886

P01116 (UniProtKB)

TAS

GO:0005886

P01116 (UniProtKB)

TAS

GO:0005886

P01116 (UniProtKB)

TAS

GO:0005886

P01116 (UniProtKB)

TAS

GO:0005886

P01116 (UniProtKB)

TAS

GO:0005886

P01116 (UniProtKB)

TAS

GO:0005886

P01116 (UniProtKB)

TAS

GO:0005886

P01116 (UniProtKB)

TAS

GO:0005886

P01116 (UniProtKB)

TAS

GO:0005886

P01116 (UniProtKB)

TAS

GO:0005886

P01116 (UniProtKB)

TAS

GO:0005886

P01116 (UniProtKB)

TAS

GO:0005886

P01116 (UniProtKB)

TAS

GO:0005886

P01116 (UniProtKB)

TAS

GO:0005886

P01116 (UniProtKB)

TAS

GO:0005886

P01116 (UniProtKB)

TAS

GO:0005886

P01116 (UniProtKB)

TAS

GO:0005886

P01116 (UniProtKB)

TAS

GO:0005886

P01116 (UniProtKB)

TAS

GO:0005886

P01116 (UniProtKB)

TAS

GO:0005886

P01116 (UniProtKB)

TAS

GO:0005886

P01116 (UniProtKB)

TAS

GO:0005886

P01116 (UniProtKB)

TAS

GO:0005886

P01116 (UniProtKB)

TAS

GO:0005886

P01116 (UniProtKB)

TAS

GO:0005886

P01116 (UniProtKB)

TAS

GO:0005886

P01116 (UniProtKB)

TAS

GO:0005886

P01116 (UniProtKB)

TAS

GO:0005886

P01116 (UniProtKB)

TAS

GO:0005886

P01116 (UniProtKB)

TAS

GO:0005886

P01116 (UniProtKB)

TAS

GO:0005886

P01116 (UniProtKB)

TAS

GO:0005886

P01116 (UniProtKB)

TAS

GO:0005886

P01116 (UniProtKB)

TAS

GO:0005886

P01116 (UniProtKB)

TAS

GO:0005886

P01116 (UniProtKB)

TAS

GO:0005886

P01116 (UniProtKB)

TAS

GO:0005886

P01116 (UniProtKB)

TAS

GO:0005886

P01116 (UniProtKB)

TAS

GO:0005886

P01116 (UniProtKB)

TAS

GO:0005886

P01116 (UniProtKB)

TAS

GO:0005886

P01116 (UniProtKB)

TAS

GO:0005886

P01116 (UniProtKB)

TAS

GO:0005886

P01116 (UniProtKB)

TAS

GO:0005886

P01116 (UniProtKB)

TAS

GO:0005886

P01116 (UniProtKB)

TAS

GO:0005925

P01116 (UniProtKB)

IDA

GO:0007173

P01116 (UniProtKB)

TAS

GO:0007265

P01116 (UniProtKB)

TAS

GO:0007411

P01116 (UniProtKB)

TAS

GO:0008284

P01116 (UniProtKB)

IMP

GO:0008542

P01116 (UniProtKB)

IEA

GO:0010628

P01116 (UniProtKB)

IMP

GO:0016020

P01116 (UniProtKB)

IDA

GO:0019002

P01116 (UniProtKB)

IEA

GO:0019003

P01116 (UniProtKB)

IEA

GO:0019221

P01116 (UniProtKB)

IEA

GO:0021897

P01116 (UniProtKB)

IEA

GO:0030036

P01116 (UniProtKB)

IEA

GO:0030275

P01116 (UniProtKB)

IEA

GO:0031234

P01116 (UniProtKB)

IDA

GO:0031647

P01116 (UniProtKB)

IMP

GO:0032228

P01116 (UniProtKB)

IEA

GO:0032403

P01116 (UniProtKB)

IDA

GO:0035022

P01116 (UniProtKB)

IEA

GO:0035176

P01116 (UniProtKB)

IEA

GO:0038002

P01116 (UniProtKB)

IEA

GO:0038095

P01116 (UniProtKB)

TAS

GO:0038128

P01116 (UniProtKB)

TAS

GO:0043406

P01116 (UniProtKB)

IEA

GO:0043524

P01116 (UniProtKB)

IEA

GO:0045121

P01116 (UniProtKB)

IEA

GO:0045596

P01116 (UniProtKB)

IEA

GO:0048169

P01116 (UniProtKB)

IEA

GO:0048873

P01116 (UniProtKB)

IEA

GO:0050900

P01116 (UniProtKB)

TAS

GO:0051000

P01116 (UniProtKB)

IEA

GO:0051092

P01116 (UniProtKB)

IEA

GO:0051146

P01116 (UniProtKB)

IEA

GO:0051384

P01116 (UniProtKB)

IEA

GO:0051385

P01116 (UniProtKB)

IEA

GO:0060441

P01116 (UniProtKB)

IEA

可能调控 KRAS基因的相关microRNA：

hsa-let-7 hsa-miR-155 hsa-miR-181a hsa-miR-193b hsa-miR-217 hsa-miR-96 hsa-let-7a hsa-let-7b hsa-let-7b* hsa-let-7c

String

BioGrid

IntAct

mentha

MINT

Reactome

加载中…

关联基因	作用方式	资源库来源/分值

KEGG
Reactomepathway

名称
4014 Ras signaling pathway [PATH:hsa04014]
4015 Rap1 signaling pathway [PATH:hsa04015]
4010 MAPK signaling pathway [PATH:hsa04010]
4012 ErbB signaling pathway [PATH:hsa04012]
4370 VEGF signaling pathway [PATH:hsa04370]
4068 FoxO signaling pathway [PATH:hsa04068]
4071 Sphingolipid signaling pathway [PATH:hsa04071]
4151 PI3K-Akt signaling pathway [PATH:hsa04151]
4810 Regulation of actin cytoskeleton [PATH:hsa04810]
4530 Tight junction [PATH:hsa04530]
4540 Gap junction [PATH:hsa04540]
4550 Signaling pathways regulating pluripotency of stem cells [PATH:hsa04550]
4650 Natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity [PATH:hsa04650]
4660 T cell receptor signaling pathway [PATH:hsa04660]
4662 B cell receptor signaling pathway [PATH:hsa04662]
4664 Fc epsilon RI signaling pathway [PATH:hsa04664]
4062 Chemokine signaling pathway [PATH:hsa04062]
4910 Insulin signaling pathway [PATH:hsa04910]
4912 GnRH signaling pathway [PATH:hsa04912]
4915 Estrogen signaling pathway [PATH:hsa04915]
4914 Progesterone-mediated oocyte maturation [PATH:hsa04914]
4917 Prolactin signaling pathway [PATH:hsa04917]
4921 Oxytocin signaling pathway [PATH:hsa04921]
4919 Thyroid hormone signaling pathway [PATH:hsa04919]
4916 Melanogenesis [PATH:hsa04916]
4960 Aldosterone-regulated sodium reabsorption [PATH:hsa04960]
4725 Cholinergic synapse [PATH:hsa04725]
4726 Serotonergic synapse [PATH:hsa04726]
4720 Long-term potentiation [PATH:hsa04720]
4730 Long-term depression [PATH:hsa04730]
4722 Neurotrophin signaling pathway [PATH:hsa04722]
4320 Dorso-ventral axis formation [PATH:hsa04320]
4360 Axon guidance [PATH:hsa04360]
5200 Pathways in cancer [PATH:hsa05200]
5230 Central carbon metabolism in cancer [PATH:hsa05230]
5231 Choline metabolism in cancer [PATH:hsa05231]
5206 MicroRNAs in cancer [PATH:hsa05206]
5205 Proteoglycans in cancer [PATH:hsa05205]
5203 Viral carcinogenesis [PATH:hsa05203]
5210 Colorectal cancer [PATH:hsa05210]
5212 Pancreatic cancer [PATH:hsa05212]
5214 Glioma [PATH:hsa05214]
5216 Thyroid cancer [PATH:hsa05216]
5221 Acute myeloid leukemia [PATH:hsa05221]
5220 Chronic myeloid leukemia [PATH:hsa05220]
5218 Melanoma [PATH:hsa05218]
5211 Renal cell carcinoma [PATH:hsa05211]
5219 Bladder cancer [PATH:hsa05219]
5215 Prostate cancer [PATH:hsa05215]
5213 Endometrial cancer [PATH:hsa05213]
5223 Non-small cell lung cancer [PATH:hsa05223]
5034 Alcoholism [PATH:hsa05034]
5166 HTLV-I infection [PATH:hsa05166]
5161 Hepatitis B [PATH:hsa05161]
5160 Hepatitis C [PATH:hsa05160]

名称
Activation of RAS in B cells
Adaptive Immune System
ARMS-mediated activation
Axon guidance
C-type lectin receptors (CLRs)
CD209 (DC-SIGN) signaling
Cell surface interactions at the vascular wall
Constitutive Signaling by EGFRvIII
Constitutive Signaling by Ligand-Responsive EGFR Cancer Variants
Cytokine Signaling in Immune system
DAP12 interactions
DAP12 signaling
Developmental Biology
Disease
Diseases of signal transduction
Downstream signal transduction
Downstream signaling events of B Cell Receptor (BCR)
Downstream signaling of activated FGFR1
Downstream signaling of activated FGFR2
Downstream signaling of activated FGFR3
Downstream signaling of activated FGFR4
EGFR Transactivation by Gastrin
Fc epsilon receptor (FCERI) signaling
FCERI mediated MAPK activation
FRS-mediated FGFR1 signaling
FRS-mediated FGFR2 signaling
FRS-mediated FGFR3 signaling
Frs2-mediated activation
FRS2-mediated FGFR4 signaling
Gastrin-CREB signalling pathway via PKC and MAPK
GRB2 events in EGFR signaling
GRB2 events in ERBB2 signaling
Hemostasis
IGF1R signaling cascade
Immune System
Innate Immune System
Insulin receptor signalling cascade
Interleukin-2 signaling
IRS-mediated signalling
IRS-related events
IRS-related events triggered by IGF1R
MEK activation
NCAM signaling for neurite out-growth
NGF signalling via TRKA from the plasma membrane
p38MAPK events
Prolonged ERK activation events
RAF activation
RAF phosphorylates MEK
RAF/MAP kinase cascade
SHC-mediated cascade:FGFR1
SHC-mediated cascade:FGFR2
SHC-mediated cascade:FGFR3
SHC-mediated cascade:FGFR4
SHC-mediated signalling
SHC-related events
SHC-related events triggered by IGF1R
SHC1 events in EGFR signaling
SHC1 events in ERBB2 signaling
SHC1 events in ERBB4 signaling
Signal Transduction
Signaling by EGFR
Signaling by EGFR in Cancer
Signaling by EGFRvIII in Cancer
Signaling by ERBB2
Signaling by ERBB4
Signaling by FGFR
Signaling by FGFR in disease
Signaling by FGFR1
Signaling by FGFR1 in disease
Signaling by FGFR1 mutants
Signaling by FGFR2
Signaling by FGFR2 in disease
Signaling by FGFR2 mutants
Signaling by FGFR3
Signaling by FGFR3 in disease
Signaling by FGFR3 mutants
Signaling by FGFR4
Signaling by FGFR4 in disease
Signaling by FGFR4 mutants
Signaling by GPCR
Signaling by Insulin receptor
Signaling by Interleukins
Signaling by Leptin
Signaling by Ligand-Responsive EGFR Variants in Cancer
Signaling by PDGF
Signaling by SCF-KIT
Signaling by the B Cell Receptor (BCR)
Signaling by Type 1 Insulin-like Growth Factor 1 Receptor (IGF1R)
Signaling by VEGF
Signalling by NGF
Signalling to ERKs
Signalling to p38 via RIT and RIN
Signalling to RAS
SOS-mediated signalling
Tie2 Signaling
VEGFA-VEGFR2 Pathway
VEGFR2 mediated cell proliferation

疾病名称

关系值

NofPmids

NofSnps

来源

疾病名称	关系值	NofPmids	NofSnps	来源
Juvenile Myelomonocytic Leukemia	0.447805801	12	3	BeFree_CLINVAR_CTD_human_GAD_LHGDN_MGD_ORPHANET
NOONAN SYNDROME 3	0.44	3	14	CLINVAR_CTD_human_MGD_UNIPROT
Colorectal Neoplasms	0.322443416	95	1	BeFree_CTD_human_GAD_LHGDN_RGD
Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinoma	0.321301873	222	13	BeFree_CLINVAR_CTD_human_GAD_LHGDN
Adenocarcinoma	0.309144846	243	3	BeFree_CTD_human_GAD_LHGDN
Noonan Syndrome	0.264970109	33	2	BeFree_CTD_human_GAD_LHGDN_ORPHANET
ovarian neoplasm	0.255992664	20	2	BeFree_CLINVAR_CTD_human_GAD_LHGDN
Stomach Neoplasms	0.25581703	10	2	BeFree_CLINVAR_CTD_human_GAD_LHGDN
Cardio-facio-cutaneous syndrome	0.244071628	16	3	BeFree_CTD_human_ORPHANET
Pilocytic Astrocytoma	0.240542884	2	1	BeFree_CLINVAR_ORPHANET

Pan-cancer analysis of cholesterol metabolism reveals the uptake as a modulator of tumor immune features and of the KRAS pathway.

Machado AL, Pinto A, Carvalho J, Fernandes V, Pereira L, Roelands J, Gonçalves J, Miranda NFCC, Oliveira MJ, Velho S Cell Oncol (Dordr) IF: 5.6 2026-02-12

Discovery of KRAS-G12D degraders via exploration of various E3 ligases.

Yim H, Song X, Zhong Y, Hu J, Xiong Y, Jin J Eur J Med Chem IF: 6.7 2026-04-05

Systematic cysteine scanning identifies a druggable pocket in oncogenic KRAS.

van Tienen LM, Bayoumi S, Muneeruddin K, Leymarie N, Popa A, Shekhar M, Mueller M, Li R, Zak KM, Chilukuri H, Kornfilt DJP, Atack TC, Kesar D, Bian Y, Shaw KL, Jandova Z, Trollmann P, Geist L, Stolt-Bergner P, Rumpel K, Kessler D, Sellers WR Cell Chem Biol IF: 8.6 2026-02-19

Photodynamic therapy combined with radiofrequency ablation and systemic therapy for KRAS-mutant advanced low rectal cancer: A case report.

Liao L, Li Y, Liu J, Li Y, Ma J, Qi Y, Ma J, Chen H Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther IF: 2.7 2026-04-00

Targeting RAS-RAF-MEK-ERK signaling in mucinous ovarian cancer: a translational evidence synthesis and clinical framework.

Bartl T, Cacsire Castillo-Tong D Int J Gynecol Cancer IF: 5.4 2026-04-00

KRAS Can Bind to FTase Despite Disruption of the CAAX Binding Site.

Carion M, Cuesta R, Kowalczyk D, Smets W, Soons E, Klaassen H, Vanderhoydonck B, Marchand A, Versele M, Chaltin P, Dedecker P, Park H, Ismail S Biochemistry IF: 2.7 2026-03-03

PrPC-Neutralizing Antibody Confers an Additive Benefit in Combination with 5-Fluorouracil in KRAS-Mutant Colorectal Cancer Models, Associated with Reduced RAS-GTP and AKT/ERK Phosphorylation.

Lee JK, Yoon JY, Lee JY, Lee SH Int J Mol Sci IF: 3.226 2026-01-23

miR-195 and miR-549a Are Essential Biomarkers for Early-Onset Colorectal Cancer.

Coronel-Hernández J, Rodríguez-Izquierdo F, Carbajal-López B, Madrigal-Santillán EO, Morales-González JA, Xicohtencatl-Muñoz A, Perez-Plasencia C, García-Cuellar CM, Calderillo-Ruiz G, Sánchez-Pérez Y Int J Mol Sci IF: 3.226 2026-01-30

Ovarian Cancer Susceptibility and Chemosensitivity to KRAS Modulation.

Psaras AM, McKay SJ, Vasquez Vilela J, Ospina Sanchez E, Cintrón MG, Elder KK, Brooks TA Int J Mol Sci IF: 3.226 2026-02-05

Rare, Yet Targetable: New Perspectives on Ampullary Carcinomas.

Gutmans J, Friedlaender A, Mechahougui H Int J Mol Sci IF: 3.226 2026-02-06

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KRAS (KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase)

基因基本信息

基因基本信息

基因染色体位置

基因染色体位置

基因简述

基因简述

基因序列

基因序列

编码蛋白质

编码蛋白质

基因突变

基因突变

基因表达

基因表达

基因引物

基因引物

转录因子

转录因子

基因本体信息

基因相关microRNA

基因相关microRNA

基因相互作用关系

基因相互作用关系

基因通路

基因通路

基因相关疾病

基因相关疾病

基因相关文献

基因相关文献

基因相关服务

基因相关服务

基因相关评论

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