MCC (MCC regulator of WNT signaling pathway)
The MCC gene, formally known as Mutated in Colorectal Cancers, is a tumor suppressor gene located in the 5q21-q22 region of the human genome that encodes a 93 kDa, 829-amino acid protein primarily localized to the cytoplasm. As a member of a gene family that includes APC (adenomatous polyposis coli), MCC shares conserved helical repeat domains that are critical for regulating the cytoskeleton and signal transduction. The MCC protein functions as a key negative regulator of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway by competitively binding to β-catenin, thereby preventing its accumulation and subsequent transcriptional activation of target genes involved in cell proliferation and differentiation. This inhibitory mechanism is essential for maintaining proper cell polarity, cell adhesion, and cell cycle control; consequently, loss-of-function mutations in MCC, such as missense, nonsense, or deletion variants, or epigenetic silencing via promoter methylation, lead to aberrant Wnt pathway activation and increased risk of tumorigenesis, particularly in colorectal and gastric cancers. Beyond its canonical role in Wnt signaling, MCC expression influences epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and cell migration, and recent evidence suggests it also modulates cellular metabolism through the mTOR pathway. While MCC and APC exhibit overlapping functions in suppressing Wnt signaling, MCC possesses unique regulatory roles that make it a distinct potential therapeutic target for cancer treatment, and its genetic polymorphisms have also been linked to susceptibility to non-malignant conditions such as inflammatory bowel disease.
Gene Ontology
Subcellular localization of MCC (and its protein):
- plasma membrane
- cytoplasm
- extracellular
- golgi
- vesicle
- cytoskeleton
- endoplasmic reticulum
- nucleus
- endosome
- lysosome
- mitochondrion
Gene Ontology (GO) terms for MCC:
| Interacting Gene | Interaction | Source/Score |
| Disease | Score | NofPmids | NofSnps | Source |
| Adenomatous Polyposis Coli | 0.124071628 | 16 | 2 | BeFree_CTD_human |
| Colon Carcinoma | 0.120542884 | 2 | 2 | BeFree_CLINVAR |
| Autistic Disorder | 0.12 | 1 | 0 | CTD_human |
| Rectal Neoplasms | 0.12 | 1 | 0 | CTD_human |
| Intellectual Disability | 0.12 | 1 | 0 | CTD_human |
| Colorectal Carcinoma | 0.003528744 | 13 | 1 | BeFree |
| Colorectal Neoplasms | 0.003267234 | 3 | 0 | BeFree_LHGDN |
| Colorectal Cancer | 0.002985861 | 11 | 1 | BeFree |
| Carcinogenesis | 0.002442977 | 9 | 2 | BeFree |
| Anemia, Sickle Cell | 0.002367032 | 1 | 1 | GAD |
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