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PMID: 10026319 Published · ppublish English Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Ciprofloxacin decreases the rate of ethanol elimination in humans.

Gut ·Vol. 44 ·No. 3 ·1999-03-00 ·Pages 347-52

Tillonen J, Homann N, Rautio M, Jousimies-Somer H, Salaspuro M

Abstract

Extrahepatic ethanol metabolism is postulated to take place via microbial oxidation in the colon, mediated by aerobic and facultative anaerobic bacteria. To evaluate the role of microbial ethanol oxidation in the total elimination rate of ethanol in humans by reducing gut flora with ciprofloxacin. Ethanol was administered intravenously at the beginning and end of a one week period to eight male volunteers. Between ethanol doses volunteers received 750 mg ciprofloxacin twice daily. A highly significant (p=0.001) reduction in the ethanol elimination rate (EER) was detected after ciprofloxacin medication. Mean (SEM) EER was 107.0 (5.3) and 96.9 (4.8) mg/kg/h before and after ciprofloxacin, respectively. Faecal Enterobacteriaceae and Enterococcus sp. were totally absent after medication, and faecal acetaldehyde production capacity was significantly (p<0.05) decreased from 0.91 (0.15) to 0.39 (0.08) nmol/min/mg protein. Mean faecal alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) activity was significantly (p<0. 05) decreased after medication, but ciprofloxacin did not inhibit human hepatic ADH activity in vitro. Ciprofloxacin treatment decreased the ethanol elimination rate by 9.4%, with a concomitant decrease in intestinal aerobic and facultative anaerobic bacteria, faecal ADH activity, and acetaldehyde production. As ciprofloxacin has no effect on liver blood flow, hepatic ADH activity, or cytochrome CYP2E1 activity, these effects are probably caused by the reduction in intestinal flora.

MeSH Terms
Acetaldehyde Adult Alcohol Dehydrogenase/drug effects,metabolism Anti-Infective Agents/pharmacology Case-Control Studies Central Nervous System Depressants/metabolism Ciprofloxacin/pharmacology Enterobacteriaceae/drug effects,metabolism Enterococcus/drug effects,metabolism Ethanol/metabolism Humans Male Oxidation-Reduction
Chemicals
Anti-Infective Agents Central Nervous System Depressants Ethanol Ciprofloxacin Alcohol Dehydrogenase Acetaldehyde
Authors & Affiliations
5 authors, click to expand affiliations / ORCID
Tillonen J
Research Unit of Alcohol Diseases, University of Helsinki, Tukholmankatu 8 F, 00290 Helsinki, Finland.
Homann N
Rautio M
Jousimies-Somer H
Salaspuro M
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Article Info
Journal
Gut
Abbr.
Gut
ISSN
0017-5749
DOI
10.1136/gut.44.3.347
Published
1999-03-00
Pages
347-52
Language
English
Region
England
NLM ID
2985108R
PMCID
PMC1727415
Subset
IM
External Links
PubMed source DOI: 10.1136/gut.44.3.347 PMC Full Text View journal details
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