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PMID: 10436860 Published · ppublish English Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. Review

The arachidonate 12/15 lipoxygenases. A review of tissue expression and biologic function.

Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology ·Vol. 17 ·No. 1-2 ·1999-00-00 ·Pages 71-89

Conrad DJ

Abstract

12/15-Lipoxygenase is a highly regulated lipid-peroxidating enzyme whose expression and arachidonic acid metabolites are implicated in several important inflammatory conditions including airway and glomerular inflammation as well as atherosclerosis. Tissue expression of the original 12/15-lipoxygenase is well characterized in reticulocytes, eosinophils, airway epithelial cells, and monocytes/macrophages and is likely in other cell systems and tissues under specific conditions. The physiologic role of this family of enzymes is dependent on the context in which it is expressed. In general, the arachidonic acid metabolites antagonize inflammatory responses and counteract the proinflammatory effects of the 5-lipoxygenase pathway. However, certain diHETEs are associaled with pro-inflammatory effects, specifically neutrophilic and eosiniphilic chemotaxis. The direct action of these enzymes on complex lipids and cellular membranes also links them to such significant process as reticulocyte maturation, LDL oxidation in atherosclerosis and pulmonary host defenses. The availability of new specific inhibitors and murine lines that lack expression of the homologous 12-lipoxygenase will allow confirmation of many of these effects with in vivo models of inflammation.

MeSH Terms
Animals Arachidonate 12-Lipoxygenase/biosynthesis,physiology Arachidonate 15-Lipoxygenase/biosynthesis,physiology Humans Organ Specificity/immunology
Chemicals
Arachidonate 12-Lipoxygenase Arachidonate 15-Lipoxygenase
Authors & Affiliations
1 authors, click to expand affiliations / ORCID
Conrad D J
Department of Medicine, San Diego Veterans Administration Medical Center, University of California, CA, USA.
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Article Info
Journal
Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology
Abbr.
Clin Rev Allergy Immunol
ISSN
1080-0549
DOI
10.1007/BF02737598
Published
1999-00-00
Pages
71-89
Language
English
Region
United States
NLM ID
9504368
Subset
IM
Grants
NHLBI NIH HHS · KO8 HL03108 · United States
External Links
PubMed source DOI: 10.1007/BF02737598 View journal details
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