The pig aminoacylase 1 (ACY1) and ribosomal protein L29 (RPL29)/heparin/heparan sulfate interacting protein (HIP) genes are located together at 13q21-->q22, corresponding to human 3p21.1.

The pig aminoacylase 1 (ACY1; N-acylamino acid aminohydrolase) gene was isolated from a pig cosmid library and characterized. The gene spans about 4.7 kb and consists of 15 exons. Fluorescence in situ hybridization found ACY1 to be located on pig chromosome 13 in the region q21-->q22. This result and previous reports show that a large part of pig chromosome 13 corresponds to human chromosome 3. BLAST search results reveal that chromosome 13 contains a transcript similar to human ribosomal protein L29 (RPL29)/heparan sulfate/heparin-interacting protein (HIP). The transcript lies near the 3'-flanking region of the pig ACY1 gene; the 2 genes are linked tail-to-tail. The deduced amino acid sequence shows distinct homology to human RPL29/HIP, 96% identical in the N-terminal region. In the corresponding human 3p21.1 region, a deletion closely linked to the ACY1 locus has been observed in carcinoma cells. This suggests that a tumor suppressor gene is located in this region. Comparative mapping suggests also that the human RPL29/HIP gene may be near ACY1. Because many growth factors and cytokines interact with cells via heparin/heparan sulfate-proteoglycan, RPL29/HIP may play an important role on the cell surface by modulating interactions between cells and extracellular molecules.