Home LiteratureArticle Details
PMID: 11602643 Published · ppublish English Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Homeostasis of peripheral B cells in the absence of B cell influx from the bone marrow.

The Journal of experimental medicine ·Vol. 194 ·No. 8 ·2001-10-15 ·Pages 1151-64

Hao Z, Rajewsky K

Abstract

To study homeostasis of peripheral B lymphocytes in the absence of B cell influx from the bone marrow, we generated a mouse mutant in which the recombination-activating gene (RAG)-2 can be inducibly deleted. When RAG-2 was deleted at the age of 8-10 wk, splenic naive follicular B cells were gradually lost over a year of observation, with a half-life of approximately 4.5 mo. By contrast, the pool of marginal zone B cells in the spleen and of B-1 cells in the peritoneal cavity were kept at normal level. In lymph nodes, approximately 90% of the B cells were lost within 4 mo, and B cell numbers remained constant thereafter. Mice in which RAG-2 was deleted at birth maintained a small population of activated B cells with an increased proportion of marginal zone B cells. Additionally, an increase of the pool of IgM secreting cells and B-1a cells was observed.

MeSH Terms
Animals B-Lymphocytes/classification,cytology,immunology Bone Marrow Cells/classification,cytology,immunology Cell Differentiation DNA-Binding Proteins/genetics,immunology Female Homeostasis Immunoglobulin M/blood Immunophenotyping Labor, Obstetric Lymphocyte Count Male Mice Mice, Inbred BALB C Mice, Inbred C57BL Mice, Transgenic Pregnancy Time Factors
Chemicals
DNA-Binding Proteins Immunoglobulin M Rag2 protein, mouse V(D)J recombination activating protein 2
Authors & Affiliations
2 authors, click to expand affiliations / ORCID
Hao Z
Department of Immunology, Institute for Genetics, University of Cologne, D-50931 Cologne, Germany.
Rajewsky K
References (47)
47 references, click to expand
  1. Development and function of B-1 cells.
    Curr Opin Immunol. 2000 Jun;12(3):346-53 PMID: 10858035
  2. Positive selection of natural autoreactive B cells.
    Science. 1999 Jul 2;285(5424):113-6 PMID: 10390361
  3. B-cell subsets and the mature preimmune repertoire. Marginal zone and B1 B cells as part of a "natural immune memory".
    Immunol Rev. 2000 Jun;175:70-9 PMID: 10933592
  4. Marginal zone and B1 B cells unite in the early response against T-independent blood-borne particulate antigens.
    Immunity. 2001 May;14(5):617-29 PMID: 11371363
  5. Arrested B lymphopoiesis and persistence of activated B cells in adult interleukin 7(-/)- mice.
    J Exp Med. 2001 Oct 15;194(8):1141-50 PMID: 11602642
  6. Thoracic duct lymphocytes from nude mice: migratory properties and life-span.
    Eur J Immunol. 1972 Aug;2(4):384-7 PMID: 4538866
  7. Circulating T and B lymphocytes of the mouse. II. Lifespan.
    Cell Immunol. 1973 Apr;7(1):40-59 PMID: 4540431
  8. Long-lived T and B lymphocytes in the bone marrow and thoracic duct lymph of the mouse.
    Cell Immunol. 1975 Jan;15(1):82-93 PMID: 1078545
  9. B lymphocyte differentiation in lethally irradiated and reconstituted mice. I. The effect of Strontium-89 induced bone marrow aplasia on the recovery of the B cell compartment in the spleen.
    Cell Immunol. 1976 Jun 1;24(1):79-89 PMID: 1084785
  10. Very rapid decay of mature B lymphocytes in the spleen.
    J Exp Med. 1981 Sep 1;154(3):994-9 PMID: 6974223
  11. Population dynamics of B lymphocytes and their precursors: demonstration of high turnover in the central and peripheral lymphoid organs.
    J Immunol. 1982 Jan;128(1):54-60 PMID: 6172492
  12. The origin of marginal-zone cells.
    Adv Exp Med Biol. 1982;149:83-90 PMID: 6756084
  13. Somatic generation of antibody diversity.
    Nature. 1983 Apr 14;302(5909):575-81 PMID: 6300689
  14. A solid-phase enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISPOT) assay for enumeration of specific antibody-secreting cells.
    J Immunol Methods. 1983 Dec 16;65(1-2):109-21 PMID: 6361139
  15. Lymphocyte population kinetics in the mouse.
    Immunol Rev. 1986 Jun;91:5-37 PMID: 3525394
  16. Population dynamics of bone marrow B lymphocytes.
    Immunol Rev. 1986 Oct;93:103-24 PMID: 3491034
  17. Thymidine kinase obliteration: creation of transgenic mice with controlled immune deficiency.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Apr;86(8):2698-702 PMID: 2539597
  18. Toward a layered immune system.
    Cell. 1989 Dec 22;59(6):953-4 PMID: 2688900
  19. The bulk of the peripheral B-cell pool in mice is stable and not rapidly renewed from the bone marrow.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Jun;87(12):4781-4 PMID: 2352948
  20. RAG-1 and RAG-2, adjacent genes that synergistically activate V(D)J recombination.
    Science. 1990 Jun 22;248(4962):1517-23 PMID: 2360047
  21. Many of the IgA producing plasma cells in murine gut are derived from self-replenishing precursors in the peritoneal cavity.
    Int Immunol. 1989;1(1):75-84 PMID: 2487677
  22. Generation of long-lived B cells in germ-free mice.
    Eur J Immunol. 1991 Jul;21(7):1779-82 PMID: 1829417
  23. Mature murine B and T cells transferred to SCID mice can survive indefinitely and many maintain a virgin phenotype.
    J Exp Med. 1991 Sep 1;174(3):717-28 PMID: 1875169
  24. RAG-2-deficient mice lack mature lymphocytes owing to inability to initiate V(D)J rearrangement.
    Cell. 1992 Mar 6;68(5):855-67 PMID: 1547487
  25. RAG-1-deficient mice have no mature B and T lymphocytes.
    Cell. 1992 Mar 6;68(5):869-77 PMID: 1547488
  26. Cells in the marginal zone of the spleen.
    Int Rev Cytol. 1992;132:31-74 PMID: 1555921
  27. Peripheral B cell maturation. I. Immature peripheral B cells in adults are heat-stable antigenhi and exhibit unique signaling characteristics.
    J Immunol. 1992 Oct 15;149(8):2533-40 PMID: 1383316
  28. Immunoglobulin D (IgD)-deficient mice reveal an auxiliary receptor function for IgD in antigen-mediated recruitment of B cells.
    J Exp Med. 1993 Jan 1;177(1):45-55 PMID: 8418208
  29. Origin of murine B cell lineages.
    Annu Rev Immunol. 1993;11:501-38 PMID: 8476571
  30. Inhibition of murine B and T lymphopoiesis in vivo by an anti-interleukin 7 monoclonal antibody.
    J Exp Med. 1993 Jul 1;178(1):257-64 PMID: 8315381
  31. Targeted disruption of the MHC class II Aa gene in C57BL/6 mice.
    Int Immunol. 1993 Aug;5(8):957-64 PMID: 8398989
  32. Peripheral B cell maturation. II. Heat-stable antigen(hi) splenic B cells are an immature developmental intermediate in the production of long-lived marrow-derived B cells.
    J Immunol. 1993 Nov 1;151(9):4431-44 PMID: 8409411
  33. Expression and function of the interleukin 7 receptor in murine lymphocytes.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1993 Oct 1;90(19):9125-9 PMID: 8415665
  34. Inducible gene targeting in mice.
    Science. 1995 Sep 8;269(5229):1427-9 PMID: 7660125
  35. A cre-transgenic mouse strain for the ubiquitous deletion of loxP-flanked gene segments including deletion in germ cells.
    Nucleic Acids Res. 1995 Dec 25;23(24):5080-1 PMID: 8559668
  36. Clonal selection and learning in the antibody system.
    Nature. 1996 Jun 27;381(6585):751-8 PMID: 8657279
  37. Natural autoantibodies.
    Curr Opin Immunol. 1995 Dec;7(6):812-8 PMID: 8679125
  38. Conditional gene targeting.
    J Clin Invest. 1996 Aug 1;98(3):600-3 PMID: 8698848
  39. Signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 (STAT3) is constitutively activated in normal, self-renewing B-1 cells but only inducibly expressed in conventional B lymphocytes.
    J Exp Med. 1997 Mar 17;185(6):1035-42 PMID: 9091577
  40. Influences on the lifespan of B cell subpopulations defined by different phenotypes.
    Eur J Immunol. 1997 May;27(5):1188-99 PMID: 9174610
  41. Mouse complement receptors type 1 (CR1;CD35) and type 2 (CR2;CD21): expression on normal B cell subpopulations and decreased levels during the development of autoimmunity in MRL/lpr mice.
    J Immunol. 1997 Aug 1;159(3):1557-69 PMID: 9233655
  42. Marginal zone B cells exhibit unique activation, proliferative and immunoglobulin secretory responses.
    Eur J Immunol. 1997 Sep;27(9):2366-74 PMID: 9341782
  43. B cell life span: a review.
    Immunol Cell Biol. 1997 Oct;75(5):446-55 PMID: 9429891
  44. Transfer of small resting B cells into immunodeficient hosts results in the selection of a self-renewing activated B cell population.
    J Exp Med. 1999 Jan 18;189(2):319-30 PMID: 9892614
  45. Early induction of cyclin D2 expression in phorbol ester-responsive B-1 lymphocytes.
    J Exp Med. 1999 Jun 7;189(11):1685-90 PMID: 10359571
  46. IgMhighCD21high lymphocytes enriched in the splenic marginal zone generate effector cells more rapidly than the bulk of follicular B cells.
    J Immunol. 1999 Jun 15;162(12):7198-207 PMID: 10358166
  47. B-1 cells: the lineage question revisited.
    Immunol Rev. 2000 Jun;175:9-22 PMID: 10933587
Article Info
Journal
The Journal of experimental medicine
Abbr.
J Exp Med
ISSN
0022-1007
DOI
10.1084/jem.194.8.1151
Published
2001-10-15
Pages
1151-64
Language
English
Region
United States
NLM ID
2985109R
PMCID
PMC2193512
Subset
IM
External Links
PubMed source DOI: 10.1084/jem.194.8.1151 PMC Full Text View journal details
Analysis Services
Analysis Services

Contact

No. 2 Wenbo Road, Zhangqiu District, Jinan, Shandong

Qilu Normal University · Genelibs Bioinformatics Lab

750 Shunhua Rd, Jinan

2F, Bldg F, University Science Park

Tel: 0531-88819269

WeChat Official Account

Follow our WeChat subscription account for real-time updates and the latest in medical and biological research.


Business Email

E-mail: [email protected]

Copyright © 2026.Genelibs Jinan Honghui Biotechnology Co., Ltd. 鲁ICP备20007159号-2