Health care utilisation of infants with chronic lung disease, related to hospitalisation for RSV infection.

To compare the use of health care resources and associated costs between infants with chronic lung disease (CLD) who had or had not an admission with a proven respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection. Review of community care, outpatient attendances, and readmissions in the first two years after birth. 235 infants (median gestational age 27 weeks) evaluated in four groups: 45 infants with a proven RSV admission (RSV proven); 24 with a probable bronchiolitis admission; 60 with other respiratory admissions; and 106 with non-respiratory or no admissions. The RSV proven compared to the other groups required more frequent and longer admissions to general paediatric wards and intensive care units, more outpatient attendances and GP consultations for respiratory related disorders, and had a higher total cost of care. RSV hospitalisation in patients with CLD is associated with increased health service utilisation and costs in the first two years after birth.