Bud-site selection and cell polarity in budding yeast.

Polarized growth involves a hierarchy of events such as selection of the growth site, polarization of the cytoskeleton to the selected growth site, and transport of secretory vesicles containing components required for growth. The budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is an excellent model system for the study of polarized cell growth. A large number of proteins have been found to be involved in these processes, although their mechanisms of action are not yet well-understood. Recent discoveries have helped elucidate many of the processes involved in cell polarity and bud-site selection in yeast and have modified the traditional view of cellular structures involved in these processes. This review focuses on recent advances on the roles of cortical tags, GTPases and the cytoskeleton in the generation and maintenance of cell polarity in yeast.