Home LiteratureArticle Details
PMID: 12427821 Published · ppublish English Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Inverse relationship between release probability and readily releasable vesicles in depressing and facilitating synapses.

The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience ·Vol. 22 ·No. 22 ·2002-11-15 ·Pages 9661-7

Millar AG, Bradacs H, Charlton MP, Atwood HL

Abstract

We tested the hypothesis that the probability of vesicular exocytosis at synapses is positively correlated with the pools of readily releasable synaptic vesicles, as shown for mammalian neurons grown in tissue culture. We compared synapses of two identified glutamatergic neurons: phasic (high-output, depressing) and tonic (low-output, facilitating) crustacean motor neurons, which differ 100- to 1000-fold in quantal content. Estimates of vesicles available for exocytosis were made from depletion during forced release and from electron microscopic observation of vesicles docked at synaptic membranes near active zones. Both measurements showed a significantly larger pool of readily releasable vesicles in facilitating synapses, despite their much lower quantal output during stimulation. Thus, the probability for release of docked vesicles is very much lower at facilitating synapses, and the presence of more docked vesicles does not predict higher synaptic release probability in these paired excitatory neurons.

MeSH Terms
Action Potentials/physiology Animals Astacoidea Electric Stimulation Exocytosis/physiology In Vitro Techniques Neural Inhibition/physiology Neurotransmitter Agents/metabolism Particle Size Patch-Clamp Techniques Presynaptic Terminals/metabolism,physiology,ultrastructure Synapses/metabolism,physiology,ultrastructure Synaptic Transmission/physiology Synaptic Vesicles/physiology,ultrastructure
Chemicals
Neurotransmitter Agents
Authors & Affiliations
4 authors, click to expand affiliations / ORCID
Millar Andrew G
Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 1A8. [email protected]
Bradacs Haymo
Charlton Milton P
Atwood Harold L
References (39)
39 references, click to expand
  1. Quantitative fine-structural analysis of olfactory cortical synapses.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1999 Mar 30;96(7):4107-12 PMID: 10097171
  2. Released fraction and total size of a pool of immediately available transmitter quanta at a calyx synapse.
    Neuron. 1999 Jun;23(2):399-409 PMID: 10399944
  3. Calcium entry related to active zones and differences in transmitter release at phasic and tonic synapses.
    J Neurosci. 1999 Oct 1;19(19):8419-34 PMID: 10493743
  4. Silent synapses in neural plasticity: current evidence.
    Learn Mem. 1999 Nov-Dec;6(6):542-71 PMID: 10641762
  5. Interplay between facilitation, depression, and residual calcium at three presynaptic terminals.
    J Neurosci. 2000 Feb 15;20(4):1374-85 PMID: 10662828
  6. Priming in exocytosis: attaining fusion-competence after vesicle docking.
    Biochimie. 2000 May;82(5):399-407 PMID: 10865127
  7. Calcium sensitivity of glutamate release in a calyx-type terminal.
    Science. 2000 Aug 11;289(5481):953-7 PMID: 10937999
  8. Intracellular calcium dependence of transmitter release rates at a fast central synapse.
    Nature. 2000 Aug 24;406(6798):889-93 PMID: 10972290
  9. Morphological correlates of functionally defined synaptic vesicle populations.
    Nat Neurosci. 2001 Apr;4(4):391-5 PMID: 11276229
  10. Three-dimensional comparison of ultrastructural characteristics at depressing and facilitating synapses onto cerebellar Purkinje cells.
    J Neurosci. 2001 Sep 1;21(17):6666-72 PMID: 11517256
  11. Factors explaining heterogeneity in short-term synaptic dynamics of hippocampal glutamatergic synapses in the neonatal rat.
    J Physiol. 2001 Nov 15;537(Pt 1):141-9 PMID: 11711568
  12. Statistical factors involved in neuromuscular facilitation and depression.
    J Physiol. 1954 Jun 28;124(3):574-85 PMID: 13175200
  13. Rapid activation, desensitization, and resensitization of synaptic channels of crayfish muscle after glutamate pulses.
    Biophys J. 1990 Mar;57(3):533-45 PMID: 1968348
  14. Synaptic currents in cerebellar Purkinje cells.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Apr;87(7):2662-5 PMID: 1969639
  15. Short-term and long-term plasticity and physiological differentiation of crustacean motor synapses.
    Int Rev Neurobiol. 1986;28:275-362 PMID: 2433245
  16. Morphological transformation of synaptic terminals of a phasic motoneuron by long-term tonic stimulation.
    J Neurosci. 1986 Aug;6(8):2252-8 PMID: 3746407
  17. Age-dependent long-term adaptation of crayfish phasic motor axon synapses to altered activity.
    J Neurosci. 1985 Feb;5(2):459-67 PMID: 3973678
  18. Three-dimensional ultrastructure of the crayfish neuromuscular apparatus.
    J Cell Biol. 1974 Nov;63(2 Pt 1):599-613 PMID: 4138220
  19. Differential responses of crab neuromuscular synapses to cesium ion.
    J Gen Physiol. 1973 Jun;61(6):747-66 PMID: 4350699
  20. A quantitative study of end-plate potentials in isolated human muscle.
    J Physiol. 1965 Jun;178(3):505-29 PMID: 5827910
  21. The excitatory synaptic action of climbing fibres on the Purkinje cells of the cerebellum.
    J Physiol. 1966 Jan;182(2):268-96 PMID: 5944665
  22. The effect of reduced calcium on quantal unit current and release at the crayfish neuromuscular junction.
    Pflugers Arch. 1981 Jul;391(1):35-40 PMID: 6269044
  23. Evidence for two physiologically distinct perforant pathways to the fascia dentata.
    Brain Res. 1980 Oct 13;199(1):1-19 PMID: 7407615
  24. Synaptic differentiation of a single motor neuron: conjoint definition of transmitter release, presynaptic calcium signals, and ultrastructure.
    J Neurosci. 1995 Jun;15(6):4209-22 PMID: 7790906
  25. Estimates for the pool size of releasable quanta at a single central synapse and for the time required to refill the pool.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1995 Jan 31;92(3):846-9 PMID: 7846064
  26. Calcium dependence of the rate of exocytosis in a synaptic terminal.
    Nature. 1994 Oct 6;371(6497):513-5 PMID: 7935764
  27. Activity-induced changes in synaptic release sites at the crayfish neuromuscular junction.
    J Neurosci. 1994 Jun;14(6):3688-703 PMID: 8207482
  28. Quantal measurement and analysis methods compared for crayfish and Drosophila neuromuscular junctions, and rat hippocampus.
    J Neurosci Methods. 1995 Sep-Oct;61(1-2):67-78 PMID: 8618427
  29. Definition of the readily releasable pool of vesicles at hippocampal synapses.
    Neuron. 1996 Jun;16(6):1197-207 PMID: 8663996
  30. Structural features of crayfish phasic and tonic neuromuscular terminals.
    J Comp Neurol. 1996 Sep 02;372(4):618-26 PMID: 8876457
  31. Activity-dependent changes in voltage-dependent calcium currents and transmitter release.
    Mol Neurobiol. 1997 Feb-Apr;14(1-2):37-66 PMID: 9170100
  32. Heterogeneity of release probability, facilitation, and depletion at central synapses.
    Neuron. 1997 Jun;18(6):995-1008 PMID: 9208866
  33. Quantitative ultrastructural analysis of hippocampal excitatory synapses.
    J Neurosci. 1997 Aug 1;17(15):5858-67 PMID: 9221783
  34. Differential physiology and morphology of phasic and tonic motor axons in a crayfish limb extensor muscle
    J Exp Biol. 1997;200(Pt 4):677-91 PMID: 9318419
  35. Presynaptic depression at a calyx synapse: the small contribution of metabotropic glutamate receptors.
    J Neurosci. 1997 Nov 1;17(21):8137-46 PMID: 9334389
  36. Synaptic structure and transmitter release in crustacean phasic and tonic motor neurons.
    J Neurosci. 1998 Feb 15;18(4):1374-82 PMID: 9454846
  37. High-frequency firing helps replenish the readily releasable pool of synaptic vesicles.
    Nature. 1998 Jul 23;394(6691):384-8 PMID: 9690475
  38. Calcium dependence and recovery kinetics of presynaptic depression at the climbing fiber to Purkinje cell synapse.
    J Neurosci. 1998 Aug 15;18(16):6147-62 PMID: 9698309
  39. Visible evidence for differences in synaptic effectiveness with activity-dependent vesicular uptake and release of FM1-43.
    J Neurophysiol. 1999 Jan;81(1):356-70 PMID: 9914295
Article Info
Journal
The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience
Abbr.
J Neurosci
ISSN
1529-2401
Email
[email protected]
Published
2002-11-15
Pages
9661-7
Language
English
Region
United States
NLM ID
8102140
PMCID
PMC6757826
Subset
IM
External Links
PubMed source PMC Full Text View journal details
Analysis Services
Analysis Services

Contact

No. 2 Wenbo Road, Zhangqiu District, Jinan, Shandong

Qilu Normal University · Genelibs Bioinformatics Lab

750 Shunhua Rd, Jinan

2F, Bldg F, University Science Park

Tel: 0531-88819269

WeChat Official Account

Follow our WeChat subscription account for real-time updates and the latest in medical and biological research.


Business Email

E-mail: [email protected]

Copyright © 2026.Genelibs Jinan Honghui Biotechnology Co., Ltd. 鲁ICP备20007159号-2