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PMID: 12466850 Published · ppublish English Comparative Study Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.

Initial sequencing and comparative analysis of the mouse genome.

Nature ·Vol. 420 ·No. 6915 ·2002-12-05 ·Pages 520-62

Mouse Genome Sequencing Consortium, Waterston RH, Lindblad-Toh K, Birney E, Rogers J, Abril JF, Agarwal P, Agarwala R, Ainscough R, Alexandersson M, An P, Antonarakis SE, Attwood J, Baertsch R, Bailey J, Barlow K, Beck S, Berry E, Birren B, Bloom T, Bork P, Botcherby M, Bray N, Brent MR, Brown DG, Brown SD, Bult C, Burton J, Butler J, Campbell RD, Carninci P, Cawley S, Chiaromonte F, Chinwalla AT, Church DM, Clamp M, Clee C, Collins FS, Cook LL, Copley RR, Coulson A, Couronne O, Cuff J, Curwen V, Cutts T, Daly M, David R, Davies J, Delehaunty KD, Deri J, Dermitzakis ET, Dewey C, Dickens NJ, Diekhans M, Dodge S, Dubchak I, Dunn DM, Eddy SR, Elnitski L, Emes RD, Eswara P, Eyras E, Felsenfeld A, Fewell GA, Flicek P, Foley K, Frankel WN, Fulton LA, Fulton RS, Furey TS, Gage D, Gibbs RA, Glusman G, Gnerre S, Goldman N, Goodstadt L, Grafham D, Graves TA, Green ED, Gregory S, Guigó R, Guyer M, Hardison RC, Haussler D, Hayashizaki Y, Hillier LW, Hinrichs A, Hlavina W, Holzer T, Hsu F, Hua A, Hubbard T, Hunt A, Jackson I, Jaffe DB, Johnson LS, Jones M, Jones TA, Joy A, Kamal M, Karlsson EK, Karolchik D, Kasprzyk A, Kawai J, Keibler E, Kells C, Kent WJ, Kirby A, Kolbe DL, Korf I, Kucherlapati RS, Kulbokas EJ, Kulp D, Landers T, Leger JP, Leonard S, Letunic I, Levine R, Li J, Li M, Lloyd C, Lucas S, Ma B, Maglott DR, Mardis ER, Matthews L, Mauceli E, Mayer JH, McCarthy M, McCombie WR, McLaren S, McLay K, McPherson JD, Meldrim J, Meredith B, Mesirov JP, Miller W, Miner TL, Mongin E, Montgomery KT, Morgan M, Mott R, Mullikin JC, Muzny DM, Nash WE, Nelson JO, Nhan MN, Nicol R, Ning Z, Nusbaum C, O'Connor MJ, Okazaki Y, Oliver K, Overton-Larty E, Pachter L, Parra G, Pepin KH, Peterson J, Pevzner P, Plumb R, Pohl CS, Poliakov A, Ponce TC, Ponting CP, Potter S, Quail M, Reymond A, Roe BA, Roskin KM, Rubin EM, Rust AG, Santos R, Sapojnikov V, Schultz B, Schultz J, Schwartz MS, Schwartz S, Scott C, Seaman S, Searle S, Sharpe T, Sheridan A, Shownkeen R, Sims S, Singer JB, Slater G, Smit A, Smith DR, Spencer B, Stabenau A, Stange-Thomann N, Sugnet C, Suyama M, Tesler G, Thompson J, Torrents D, Trevaskis E, Tromp J, Ucla C, Ureta-Vidal A, Vinson JP, Von Niederhausern AC, Wade CM, Wall M, Weber RJ, Weiss RB, Wendl MC, West AP, Wetterstrand K, Wheeler R, Whelan S, Wierzbowski J, Willey D, Williams S, Wilson RK, Winter E, Worley KC, Wyman D, Yang S, Yang SP, Zdobnov EM, Zody MC, Lander ES

Abstract

The sequence of the mouse genome is a key informational tool for understanding the contents of the human genome and a key experimental tool for biomedical research. Here, we report the results of an international collaboration to produce a high-quality draft sequence of the mouse genome. We also present an initial comparative analysis of the mouse and human genomes, describing some of the insights that can be gleaned from the two sequences. We discuss topics including the analysis of the evolutionary forces shaping the size, structure and sequence of the genomes; the conservation of large-scale synteny across most of the genomes; the much lower extent of sequence orthology covering less than half of the genomes; the proportions of the genomes under selection; the number of protein-coding genes; the expansion of gene families related to reproduction and immunity; the evolution of proteins; and the identification of intraspecies polymorphism.

MeSH Terms
Animals Base Composition Chromosomes, Mammalian/genetics Conserved Sequence/genetics CpG Islands/genetics Evolution, Molecular Gene Expression Regulation Genes/genetics Genetic Variation/genetics Genome Genome, Human Genomics Humans Mice/classification,genetics Mice, Knockout Mice, Transgenic Models, Animal Multigene Family/genetics Mutagenesis Neoplasms/genetics Physical Chromosome Mapping Proteome/genetics Pseudogenes/genetics Quantitative Trait Loci/genetics RNA, Untranslated/genetics Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid/genetics Selection, Genetic Sequence Analysis, DNA Sex Chromosomes/genetics Species Specificity Synteny
Chemicals
Proteome RNA, Untranslated
Authors & Affiliations
223 authors, click to expand affiliations / ORCID
Mouse Genome Sequencing Consortium
Genome Sequencing Center, Washington University School of Medicine, Campus Box 8501, 4444 Forest Park Avenue, St Louis, Missouri 63108, USA. [email protected]
Waterston Robert H
Lindblad-Toh Kerstin
Birney Ewan
Rogers Jane
Abril Josep F
Agarwal Pankaj
Agarwala Richa
Ainscough Rachel
Alexandersson Marina
An Peter
Antonarakis Stylianos E
Attwood John
Baertsch Robert
Bailey Jonathon
Barlow Karen
Beck Stephan
Berry Eric
Birren Bruce
Bloom Toby
Bork Peer
Botcherby Marc
Bray Nicolas
Brent Michael R
Brown Daniel G
Brown Stephen D
Bult Carol
Burton John
Butler Jonathan
Campbell Robert D
Carninci Piero
Cawley Simon
Chiaromonte Francesca
Chinwalla Asif T
Church Deanna M
Clamp Michele
Clee Christopher
Collins Francis S
Cook Lisa L
Copley Richard R
Coulson Alan
Couronne Olivier
Cuff James
Curwen Val
Cutts Tim
Daly Mark
David Robert
Davies Joy
Delehaunty Kimberly D
Deri Justin
Dermitzakis Emmanouil T
Dewey Colin
Dickens Nicholas J
Diekhans Mark
Dodge Sheila
Dubchak Inna
Dunn Diane M
Eddy Sean R
Elnitski Laura
Emes Richard D
Eswara Pallavi
Eyras Eduardo
Felsenfeld Adam
Fewell Ginger A
Flicek Paul
Foley Karen
Frankel Wayne N
Fulton Lucinda A
Fulton Robert S
Furey Terrence S
Gage Diane
Gibbs Richard A
Glusman Gustavo
Gnerre Sante
Goldman Nick
Goodstadt Leo
Grafham Darren
Graves Tina A
Green Eric D
Gregory Simon
Guigó Roderic
Guyer Mark
Hardison Ross C
Haussler David
Hayashizaki Yoshihide
Hillier LaDeana W
Hinrichs Angela
Hlavina Wratko
Holzer Timothy
Hsu Fan
Hua Axin
Hubbard Tim
Hunt Adrienne
Jackson Ian
Jaffe David B
Johnson L Steven
Jones Matthew
Jones Thomas A
Joy Ann
Kamal Michael
Karlsson Elinor K
Karolchik Donna
Kasprzyk Arkadiusz
Kawai Jun
Keibler Evan
Kells Cristyn
Kent W James
Kirby Andrew
Kolbe Diana L
Korf Ian
Kucherlapati Raju S
Kulbokas Edward J
Kulp David
Landers Tom
Leger J P
Leonard Steven
Letunic Ivica
Levine Rosie
Li Jia
Li Ming
Lloyd Christine
Lucas Susan
Ma Bin
Maglott Donna R
Mardis Elaine R
Matthews Lucy
Mauceli Evan
Mayer John H
McCarthy Megan
McCombie W Richard
McLaren Stuart
McLay Kirsten
McPherson John D
Meldrim Jim
Meredith Beverley
Mesirov Jill P
Miller Webb
Miner Tracie L
Mongin Emmanuel
Montgomery Kate T
Morgan Michael
Mott Richard
Mullikin James C
Muzny Donna M
Nash William E
Nelson Joanne O
Nhan Michael N
Nicol Robert
Ning Zemin
Nusbaum Chad
O'Connor Michael J
Okazaki Yasushi
Oliver Karen
Overton-Larty Emma
Pachter Lior
Parra Genís
Pepin Kymberlie H
Peterson Jane
Pevzner Pavel
Plumb Robert
Pohl Craig S
Poliakov Alex
Ponce Tracy C
Ponting Chris P
Potter Simon
Quail Michael
Reymond Alexandre
Roe Bruce A
Roskin Krishna M
Rubin Edward M
Rust Alistair G
Santos Ralph
Sapojnikov Victor
Schultz Brian
Schultz Jörg
Schwartz Matthias S
Schwartz Scott
Scott Carol
Seaman Steven
Searle Steve
Sharpe Ted
Sheridan Andrew
Shownkeen Ratna
Sims Sarah
Singer Jonathan B
Slater Guy
Smit Arian
Smith Douglas R
Spencer Brian
Stabenau Arne
Stange-Thomann Nicole
Sugnet Charles
Suyama Mikita
Tesler Glenn
Thompson Johanna
Torrents David
Trevaskis Evanne
Tromp John
Ucla Catherine
Ureta-Vidal Abel
Vinson Jade P
Von Niederhausern Andrew C
Wade Claire M
Wall Melanie
Weber Ryan J
Weiss Robert B
Wendl Michael C
West Anthony P
Wetterstrand Kris
Wheeler Raymond
Whelan Simon
Wierzbowski Jamey
Willey David
Williams Sophie
Wilson Richard K
Winter Eitan
Worley Kim C
Wyman Dudley
Yang Shan
Yang Shiaw-Pyng
Zdobnov Evgeny M
Zody Michael C
Lander Eric S
Article Info
Journal
Nature
Abbr.
Nature
ISSN
0028-0836
Published
2002-12-05
Pages
520-62
Language
English
Region
England
NLM ID
0410462
Subset
IM
Corrections
CommentIn
CommentIn
CommentIn
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