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PMID: 12552134 Published · ppublish English Journal Article Review

Multiple mutations and cancer.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America ·Vol. 100 ·No. 3 ·2003-02-04 ·Pages 776-81

Loeb LA, Loeb KR, Anderson JP

Abstract

Most human tumors are highly heterogenous. We have hypothesized that this heterogeneity results from a mutator phenotype. Our premise is that normal mutation rates are insufficient to account for the multiple mutations found in human cancers, and, instead, that cancers must exhibit a mutator phenotype early during their evolution. Here, we examine the current status and implications of the mutator phenotype hypothesis for the prognosis, treatment, and prevention of human cancers.

MeSH Terms
Base Sequence Genome, Human Humans Molecular Sequence Data Mutation Neoplasms/genetics,therapy Phenotype
Authors & Affiliations
3 authors, click to expand affiliations / ORCID
Loeb Lawrence A
Joseph Gottstein Memorial Cancer Research Laboratory, Department of Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195-7705, USA. [email protected]
Loeb Keith R
Anderson Jon P
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Article Info
Journal
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Abbr.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
ISSN
0027-8424
DOI
10.1073/pnas.0334858100
Email
[email protected]
Published
2003-02-04
Epub
2003-00-27
Pages
776-81
Language
English
Region
United States
NLM ID
7505876
PMCID
PMC298677
Subset
IM
Grants
NIEHS NIH HHS · K08 ES000382 · United States
NCI NIH HHS · P01 CA077852 · United States
NCI NIH HHS · R01 CA080993 · United States
NIEHS NIH HHS · T32 ES007032 · United States
External Links
PubMed source DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0334858100 PMC Full Text View journal details
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