Effects of peptidase inhibition on angiotensin receptor agonist and antagonist potency in rabbit isolated thoracic aorta.

1. Experiments were performed with peptidase inhibitors on rabbit aortic strip preparations, to determine whether endogenous peptidase activity can influence the potency estimates for angiotensin receptor agonists and antagonists in this tissue. 2. Angiotensin II (A II) and angiotensin III (A III) both induced concentration-related contractions of rabbit aortic strip preparations. A III was approximately 38 fold less potent than A II, and the gradient of the A III concentration-response curve (1.00 +/- 0.04) was significantly more shallow than that (1.76 +/- 0.05) of the A II curve. 3. Neither the aminopeptidase-A and -M inhibitor, amastatin, nor the aminopeptidase-B and -M inhibitor, bestatin, affected the potency of, or the maximum response to, A II. In contrast, the potency of A III was increased by both amastatin and bestatin. Amastatin had the most marked effect and at 10 microM caused approximately a 12 fold increase in the potency of A III (EC50 values, 102 nM and 8.6 nM in the absence and presence of amastatin, respectively), and also significantly steepened the gradient of the A III concentration-response curve. Amastatin did not affect the position or shape of the concentration-response curve to the alpha 1-adrenoceptor agonist, phenylephrine. Finally, the carboxypeptidase-N inhibitor, D-L-mercaptomethyl-3-guanidine-ethylpropanoic acid (MERGETPA) did not change the position or shape of the concentration-response curves to either A II or A III.4. In the presence of amastatin, the potency of the peptide angiotensin receptor antagonist, Ile7-A III (100nM-l microM ), was increased approximately 13 fold (pA2, with A II as the agonist, 7.0 +/- 0.1 and 8.1 +/- 0.1, in the absence and presence of amastatin, respectively). However, the potency of the nonpeptide angiotensin receptor antagonist, DuP 753 (30-300 nM), was little affected by amastatin (pA2, 8.2 +/- 0.1 and 8.1 +/- 0.1 in the absence and presence of amastatin, respectively).5. The results of this study suggest that endogenous aminopeptidase activity in the rabbit thoracic aorta can profoundly affect estimates of the potency of peptide angiotensin receptor agonists and antagonists.A suitable aminopeptidase inhibitor should therefore be included in studies, using this tissue, which aim to classify angiotensin receptor subtype(s) based on the rank order of peptide angiotensin receptor agonist and/or antagonist potencies.