Home LiteratureArticle Details
PMID: 15084721 Published · ppublish English Journal Article Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.

The embryo MADS domain protein AGAMOUS-Like 15 directly regulates expression of a gene encoding an enzyme involved in gibberellin metabolism.

The Plant cell ·Vol. 16 ·No. 5 ·2004-05-00 ·Pages 1206-19

Wang H, Caruso LV, Downie AB, Perry SE

Abstract

AGL15 (for AGAMOUS-Like 15) is a member of the MADS domain family of DNA binding transcriptional regulators that accumulates to its highest amounts during embryo development. To better understand how AGL15 functions, a chromatin immunoprecipitation approach was used to identify directly regulated genes. One DNA fragment that coprecipitated with AGL15 corresponded to a portion of the regulatory region of a gene named DTA1 (for Downstream Target of AGL15-1). The expression of DTA1 was positively correlated with AGL15 abundance during embryogenesis. In this report, a cis element for response to AGL15 was identified, and the activity of DTA1 as a gibberellin (GA) 2-oxidase was confirmed. DTA1 corresponds to AtGA2ox6 and was renamed to indicate this identity. Further experiments related the function of AtGA2ox6 to regulation by AGL15. Constitutive expression of AGL15 and of AtGA2ox6 altered endogenous GA amounts and caused GA-deficient phenotypes in Arabidopsis thaliana that could be at least partially rescued by application of biologically active GA. The phenotype of plants with decreased expression of AtGA2ox6 was the converse of plants overexpressing AtGA2ox6 in terms of seed germination attributes and effects on somatic embryo production.

MeSH Terms
Arabidopsis/genetics Arabidopsis Proteins/genetics,physiology Base Sequence Cells, Cultured DNA Primers Gene Expression Regulation, Plant/physiology Germination/genetics,physiology Gibberellins/metabolism MADS Domain Proteins/physiology Mixed Function Oxygenases/genetics Molecular Sequence Data Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction Seeds/physiology
Chemicals
AGAMOUS-like protein 1, Arabidopsis Arabidopsis Proteins DNA Primers Gibberellins MADS Domain Proteins Mixed Function Oxygenases AtGA2ox7 protein, Arabidopsis AtGA2ox8 protein, Arabidopsis gibberellin 2-dioxygenase
Authors & Affiliations
4 authors, click to expand affiliations / ORCID
Wang Huai
Department of Agronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40546-0312, USA.
Caruso Leonardo V
Downie A Bruce
Perry Sharyn E
References (47)
47 references, click to expand
  1. Molecular cloning and functional expression of gibberellin 2- oxidases, multifunctional enzymes involved in gibberellin deactivation.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1999 Apr 13;96(8):4698-703 PMID: 10200325
  2. The MADS-domain protein AGAMOUS-like 15 accumulates in embryonic tissues with diverse origins.
    Plant Physiol. 1999 May;120(1):121-30 PMID: 10318690
  3. EAF1 regulates vegetative-phase change and flowering time in Arabidopsis.
    Plant Physiol. 1999 Jul;120(3):675-84 PMID: 10398702
  4. PICKLE is a CHD3 chromatin-remodeling factor that regulates the transition from embryonic to vegetative development in Arabidopsis.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1999 Nov 23;96(24):13839-44 PMID: 10570159
  5. T-DNA as an insertional mutagen in Arabidopsis.
    Plant Cell. 1999 Dec;11(12):2283-90 PMID: 10590158
  6. The embryo MADS domain factor AGL15 acts postembryonically. Inhibition of perianth senescence and abscission via constitutive expression.
    Plant Cell. 2000 Feb;12(2):183-98 PMID: 10662856
  7. Discovery and modeling of transcriptional regulatory regions.
    Curr Opin Biotechnol. 2000 Feb;11(1):19-24 PMID: 10679343
  8. Mapping chromosomal proteins in vivo by formaldehyde-crosslinked-chromatin immunoprecipitation.
    Trends Biochem Sci. 2000 Mar;25(3):99-104 PMID: 10694875
  9. Gibberellin metabolism: new insights revealed by the genes.
    Trends Plant Sci. 2000 Dec;5(12):523-30 PMID: 11120474
  10. Development of floral organ identity: stories from the MADS house.
    Curr Opin Plant Biol. 2001 Feb;4(1):75-85 PMID: 11163172
  11. Expression of a gibberellin 2-oxidase gene around the shoot apex is related to phase transition in rice.
    Plant Physiol. 2001 Mar;125(3):1508-16 PMID: 11244129
  12. HOW GIBBERELLIN REGULATES PLANT GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT: A Molecular Genetic Analysis of Gibberellin Signaling.
    Annu Rev Plant Physiol Plant Mol Biol. 2001 Jun;52:67-88 PMID: 11337392
  13. Transitions in distinct histone H3 methylation patterns at the heterochromatin domain boundaries.
    Science. 2001 Aug 10;293(5532):1150-5 PMID: 11498594
  14. Use of chromatin immunoprecipitation to clone novel E2F target promoters.
    Mol Cell Biol. 2001 Oct;21(20):6820-32 PMID: 11564866
  15. MADS-box gene expression in lateral primordia, meristems and differentiated tissues of Arabidopsis thaliana roots.
    Planta. 2002 Jan;214(3):365-72 PMID: 11855641
  16. Deciphering gene expression regulatory networks.
    Curr Opin Genet Dev. 2002 Apr;12(2):130-6 PMID: 11893484
  17. Somatic embryogenesis from Arabidopsis shoot apical meristem mutants.
    Planta. 2002 Apr;214(6):829-36 PMID: 11941458
  18. Transcription. Of chips and ChIPs.
    Science. 2002 Apr 26;296(5568):666-9 PMID: 11976432
  19. Gibberellin Metabolism and Its Regulation.
    J Plant Growth Regul. 2001 Dec;20(4):317-318 PMID: 11986757
  20. Gibberellin Biosynthesis in Plants and Fungi: A Case of Convergent Evolution?
    J Plant Growth Regul. 2001 Dec;20(4):319-331 PMID: 11986758
  21. Gibberellins and Light-Stimulated Seed Germination.
    J Plant Growth Regul. 2001 Dec;20(4):369-376 PMID: 11986762
  22. Gibberellin signaling: biosynthesis, catabolism, and response pathways.
    Plant Cell. 2002;14 Suppl:S61-80 PMID: 12045270
  23. The role of gibberellins in embryo axis development.
    J Exp Bot. 2002 Aug;53(375):1747-51 PMID: 12147724
  24. The gibberellin pathway mediates KNOTTED1-type homeobox function in plants with different body plans.
    Curr Biol. 2002 Sep 17;12(18):1557-65 PMID: 12372247
  25. A chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) approach to isolate genes regulated by AGL15, a MADS domain protein that preferentially accumulates in embryos.
    Plant J. 2002 Dec;32(5):831-43 PMID: 12472697
  26. Overexpression of a novel class of gibberellin 2-oxidases decreases gibberellin levels and creates dwarf plants.
    Plant Cell. 2003 Jan;15(1):151-63 PMID: 12509528
  27. Involvement of gibberellin and cytokinin in the formation of embryogenic cell clumps in carrot (Daucus carota).
    J Plant Physiol. 2003 Feb;160(2):133-41 PMID: 12685029
  28. Binding site selection for the plant MADS domain protein AGL15: an in vitro and in vivo study.
    J Biol Chem. 2003 Jul 25;278(30):28154-9 PMID: 12743119
  29. Coordinate repression of regulators of embryonic identity by PICKLE during germination in Arabidopsis.
    Plant J. 2003 Jul;35(1):33-43 PMID: 12834400
  30. Gibberellin biosynthesis and response during Arabidopsis seed germination.
    Plant Cell. 2003 Jul;15(7):1591-604 PMID: 12837949
  31. Downstream of the homeotic genes.
    New Biol. 1992 Jan;4(1):5-15 PMID: 1346973
  32. Expression and maintenance of embryogenic potential is enhanced through constitutive expression of AGAMOUS-Like 15.
    Plant Physiol. 2003 Oct;133(2):653-63 PMID: 14512519
  33. The small genome of Arabidopsis contains at least nine expressed beta-tubulin genes.
    Plant Cell. 1992 May;4(5):549-56 PMID: 1498609
  34. Identification of the A and C genomes of amphidiploid Brassica napus (oilseed rape).
    Genome. 1995 Dec;38(6):1122-31 PMID: 18470236
  35. Ubiquitin extension proteins of Arabidopsis thaliana. Structure, localization, and expression of their promoters in transgenic tobacco.
    J Biol Chem. 1990 Jul 25;265(21):12486-93 PMID: 2165066
  36. Endogenous gibberellins in Arabidopsis thaliana and possible steps blocked in the biosynthetic pathways of the semidwarf ga4 and ga5 mutants.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Oct;87(20):7983-7 PMID: 2236013
  37. Disruption of morphogenesis and transformation of the suspensor in abnormal suspensor mutants of Arabidopsis
    Development. ;120(11):3235-45 PMID: 28534607
  38. Diverse roles for MADS box genes in Arabidopsis development.
    Plant Cell. 1995 Aug;7(8):1259-69 PMID: 7549482
  39. AGL15, a MADS domain protein expressed in developing embryos.
    Plant Cell. 1995 Aug;7(8):1271-82 PMID: 7549483
  40. Spatially and temporally regulated expression of the MADS-box gene AGL2 in wild-type and mutant arabidopsis flowers.
    Plant Mol Biol. 1994 Oct;26(2):581-95 PMID: 7948914
  41. The MADS domain protein AGL15 localizes to the nucleus during early stages of seed development.
    Plant Cell. 1996 Nov;8(11):1977-89 PMID: 8953767
  42. Analysis of chromatin structure by in vivo formaldehyde cross-linking.
    Methods. 1997 Feb;11(2):205-14 PMID: 8993033
  43. The hardwiring of development: organization and function of genomic regulatory systems.
    Development. 1997 May;124(10):1851-64 PMID: 9169833
  44. Drosophila Hox complex downstream targets and the function of homeotic genes.
    Bioessays. 1997 May;19(5):379-88 PMID: 9174403
  45. Cellular differentiation regulated by gibberellin in the Arabidopsis thaliana pickle mutant.
    Science. 1997 Jul 4;277(5322):91-4 PMID: 9204906
  46. MADS domain proteins in plant development.
    Biol Chem. 1997 Oct;378(10):1079-101 PMID: 9372178
  47. Somatic embryogenesis in Arabidopsis thaliana is facilitated by mutations in genes repressing meristematic cell divisions.
    Genetics. 1998 Jun;149(2):549-63 PMID: 9611173
Article Info
Journal
The Plant cell
Abbr.
Plant Cell
ISSN
1040-4651
DOI
10.1105/tpc.021261
Published
2004-05-00
Epub
2004-00-14
Pages
1206-19
Language
English
Region
England
NLM ID
9208688
PMCID
PMC423210
Subset
IM
Databases
GENBANK
AF258790, BH741917
External Links
PubMed source DOI: 10.1105/tpc.021261 PMC Full Text View journal details
Analysis Services
Analysis Services

Contact

No. 2 Wenbo Road, Zhangqiu District, Jinan, Shandong

Qilu Normal University · Genelibs Bioinformatics Lab

750 Shunhua Rd, Jinan

2F, Bldg F, University Science Park

Tel: 0531-88819269

WeChat Official Account

Follow our WeChat subscription account for real-time updates and the latest in medical and biological research.


Business Email

E-mail: [email protected]

Copyright © 2026.Genelibs Jinan Honghui Biotechnology Co., Ltd. 鲁ICP备20007159号-2