Abstract
There is a need for statistical methods to identify genes that have minimal variation in expression across a variety of experimental conditions. These 'housekeeper' genes are widely employed as controls for quantification of test genes using gel analysis and real-time RT-PCR. Using real-time quantitative RT-PCR, we analyzed 80 primary breast tumors for variation in expression of six putative housekeeper genes (MRPL19 (mitochondrial ribosomal protein L19), PSMC4 (proteasome (prosome, macropain) 26S subunit, ATPase, 4), SF3A1 (splicing factor 3a, subunit 1, 120 kDa), PUM1 (pumilio homolog 1 (Drosophila)), ACTB (actin, beta) and GAPD (glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase)). We present appropriate models for selecting the best housekeepers to normalize quantitative data within a given tissue type (for example, breast cancer) and across different types of tissue samples.
MeSH Terms
ATPases Associated with Diverse Cellular Activities
Adenosine Triphosphatases/genetics
Algorithms
Breast/metabolism
Breast Neoplasms/genetics,pathology
Cell Line, Tumor
DNA, Complementary/genetics
DNA-Binding Proteins/genetics
Gene Dosage
Gene Expression
Gene Expression Profiling/methods,standards
Genes, Essential/genetics
Humans
Mitochondrial Proteins
Models, Genetic
Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis/methods,standards
Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex
RNA Splicing Factors
RNA, Messenger/genetics,metabolism
RNA-Binding Proteins/genetics
Reference Standards
Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
Ribonucleoprotein, U2 Small Nuclear/genetics
Ribosomal Proteins/genetics
Transcription Factors/genetics
Chemicals
DNA, Complementary
DNA-Binding Proteins
MRPL19 protein, human
Mitochondrial Proteins
PUM1 protein, human
RNA Splicing Factors
RNA, Messenger
RNA-Binding Proteins
Ribonucleoprotein, U2 Small Nuclear
Ribosomal Proteins
SF3A1 protein, human
Transcription Factors
PSMC4 protein, human
Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex
Adenosine Triphosphatases
ATPases Associated with Diverse Cellular Activities
Authors & Affiliations
7 authors, click to expand affiliations / ORCID
Szabo Aniko
Department of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA.
[email protected]
Perou Charles M
Karaca Mehmet
Perreard Laurent
Palais Robert
Quackenbush John F
Bernard Philip S
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