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PMID: 16169921 Published · ppublish English Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Sex chromosome evolution: molecular aspects of Y-chromosome degeneration in Drosophila.

Genome research ·Vol. 15 ·No. 10 ·2005-10-00 ·Pages 1393-401

Bachtrog D

Abstract

Ancient Y-chromosomes of various organisms contain few active genes and an abundance of repetitive DNA. The neo-Y chromosome of Drosophila miranda is in transition from an ordinary autosome to a genetically inert Y-chromosome, while its homolog, the neo-X chromosome, is evolving partial dosage compensation. Here, I compare four large genomic regions located on the neo-sex chromosomes that contain a total of 12 homologous genes. In addition, I investigate the partial coding sequence for 56 more homologous gene pairs from the neo-sex chromosomes. Little modification has occurred on the neo-X chromosome, and genes are highly constrained at the protein level. In contrast, a diverse array of molecular changes is contributing to the observed degeneration of the neo-Y chromosome. In particular, the four large regions surveyed on the neo-Y chromosome harbor several transposable element insertions, large deletions, and a large structural rearrangement. About one-third of all neo-Y-linked genes are nonfunctional, containing either premature stop codons and/or frameshift mutations. Intact genes on the neo-Y are accumulating amino acid and unpreferred codon changes. In addition, both 5'- and 3'-flanking regions of genes and intron sequences are less constrained on the neo-Y relative to the neo-X. Despite heterogeneity in levels of dosage compensation along the neo-X chromosome of D. miranda, the neo-Y chromosome shows surprisingly uniform signs of degeneration.

MeSH Terms
Animals DNA Transposable Elements Drosophila/genetics Gene Duplication Molecular Sequence Data Polymerase Chain Reaction Regulatory Sequences, Nucleic Acid Sex Chromosomes Y Chromosome
Chemicals
DNA Transposable Elements
Authors & Affiliations
1 authors, click to expand affiliations / ORCID
Bachtrog Doris
Department of Ecology, Behavior and Evolution, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA. [email protected]
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Article Info
Journal
Genome research
Abbr.
Genome Res
ISSN
1088-9051
DOI
10.1101/gr.3543605
Email
[email protected]
Published
2005-10-00
Epub
2005-00-16
Pages
1393-401
Language
English
Region
United States
NLM ID
9518021
PMCID
PMC1240082
Subset
IM
Databases
GENBANK
DQ145178, DQ145179, DQ145180, DQ145181, DQ145182, DQ145183, DQ145184, DQ145185, DQ145186, DQ145187, DQ145188, DQ145189, DQ145190, DQ145191, DQ145192, DQ145193, DQ145194, DQ145195, DQ145196, DQ145197, DQ145198, DQ145199, DQ145200, DQ145201, DQ145202, DQ145203, DQ145204, DQ145205, DQ145206, DQ145207, DQ145208, DQ145209, DQ145210, DQ145211, DQ145212, DQ145213, DQ145214, DQ145215, DQ145216, DQ145217, DQ145218, DQ145219, DQ145220, DQ145221, DQ145222, DQ145223, DQ145224, DQ145225, DQ145226, DQ145227, DQ145228, DQ145229, DQ145230, DQ145231, DQ145232, DQ145233, DQ145234, DQ145235, DQ145236, DQ145237, DQ145238, DQ145239, DQ145240, DQ145241, DQ145242, DQ145243, DQ145244, DQ145245, DQ145246, DQ145247, DQ145248, DQ145249, DQ145250, DQ145251, DQ145252, DQ145253, DQ145254, DQ145255, DQ145256, DQ145257, DQ145258, DQ145259, DQ145260, DQ145261, DQ145262, DQ145263, DQ145264, DQ145265, DQ145266, DQ145267, DQ145268, DQ145269, DQ145270, DQ145271, DQ145272, DQ145273, DQ145274, DQ145275, DQ145276, DQ145277, DQ145278, DQ145279, DQ145280, DQ145281
External Links
PubMed source DOI: 10.1101/gr.3543605 PMC Full Text View journal details
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