Home LiteratureArticle Details
PMID: 16220335 Published · ppublish English Journal Article Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural Review

Nicotinic effects on cognitive function: behavioral characterization, pharmacological specification, and anatomic localization.

Psychopharmacology ·Vol. 184 ·No. 3-4 ·2006-03-00 ·Pages 523-39

Levin ED, McClernon FJ, Rezvani AH

Abstract

Nicotine has been shown in a variety of studies in humans and experimental animals to improve cognitive function. Nicotinic treatments are being developed as therapeutic treatments for cognitive dysfunction. Critical for the development of nicotinic therapeutics is an understanding of the neurobehavioral bases for nicotinic involvement in cognitive function. Specific and diverse cognitive functions affected by nicotinic treatments are reviewed, including attention, learning, and memory. The neural substrates for these behavioral actions involve the identification of the critical pharmacologic receptor targets, in particular brain locations, and how those incipient targets integrate with broader neural systems involved with cognitive function. Nicotine and nicotinic agonists can improve working memory function, learning, and attention. Both alpha4beta2 and alpha7 nicotinic receptors appear to be critical for memory function. The hippocampus and the amygdala in particular have been found to be important for memory, with decreased nicotinic activity in these areas impairing memory. Nicotine and nicotinic analogs have shown promise for inducing cognitive improvement. Positive therapeutic effects have been seen in initial studies with a variety of cognitive dysfunctions, including Alzheimer's disease, age-associated memory impairment, schizophrenia, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Discovery of the behavioral, pharmacological, and anatomic specificity of nicotinic effects on learning, memory, and attention not only aids the understanding of nicotinic involvement in the basis of cognitive function, but also helps in the development of novel nicotinic treatments for cognitive dysfunction. Nicotinic treatments directed at specific receptor subtypes and nicotinic cotreatments with drugs affecting interacting transmitter systems may provide cognitive benefits most relevant to different syndromes of cognitive impairment such as Alzheimer's disease, schizophrenia, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Further research is necessary in order to determine the efficacy and safety of nicotinic treatments of these cognitive disorders.

MeSH Terms
Alzheimer Disease/drug therapy Amygdala/drug effects Animals Attention/drug effects Cognition/drug effects Hippocampus/drug effects Humans Learning/drug effects Memory/drug effects Mice Nicotine/pharmacology Rats Receptors, Nicotinic/drug effects Schizophrenia/drug therapy alpha7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor
Chemicals
Chrna7 protein, human Chrna7 protein, mouse Chrna7 protein, rat Receptors, Nicotinic alpha7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor nicotinic acetylcholine receptor alpha4 subunit nicotinic receptor beta2 Nicotine
Authors & Affiliations
3 authors, click to expand affiliations / ORCID
Levin Edward D
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Box #3412, Durham, NC 27710, USA. [email protected]
McClernon F Joseph
Rezvani Amir H
References (177)
177 references, click to expand
  1. Effects of histamine and cholinergic systems on memory retention of passive avoidance learning in rats.
    Eur J Pharmacol. 2003 Mar 28;465(1-2):91-6 PMID: 12650837
  2. Nicotinic mechanisms of memory: effects of acute local DHbetaE and MLA infusions in the basolateral amygdala.
    Brain Res Cogn Brain Res. 2003 Mar;16(1):51-7 PMID: 12589888
  3. Nicotine lowers the secretion of the Alzheimer's amyloid beta-protein precursor that contains amyloid beta-peptide in rat.
    J Alzheimers Dis. 2002 Oct;4(5):405-15 PMID: 12446972
  4. Effects of a single transdermal nicotine dose on cognitive performance in adults with Down syndrome.
    J Neural Transm Suppl. 2001;(61):237-45 PMID: 11771747
  5. Lobeline-induced learning improvement of rats in the radial-arm maze.
    Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 2003 Aug;76(1):133-9 PMID: 13679226
  6. Nicotinic receptors and Parkinson's disease.
    Eur J Pharmacol. 2000 Mar 30;393(1-3):223-30 PMID: 10771017
  7. A pilot controlled trial of transdermal nicotine in the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.
    World J Biol Psychiatry. 2002 Jul;3(3):150-5 PMID: 12478880
  8. Brain nicotinic receptors: structure and regulation, role in learning and reinforcement.
    Brain Res Brain Res Rev. 1998 May;26(2-3):198-216 PMID: 9651527
  9. Nicotine enhances sustained attention in the rat under specific task conditions.
    Psychopharmacology (Berl). 1998 Aug;138(3-4):266-74 PMID: 9725748
  10. Both fornix and anterior thalamic, but not mammillary, lesions disrupt delayed non-matching-to-position memory in rats.
    Behav Brain Res. 1991 Aug 29;44(2):151-61 PMID: 1751006
  11. Chronic nicotine and withdrawal effects on radial-arm maze performance in rats.
    Behav Neural Biol. 1990 Mar;53(2):269-76 PMID: 2331235
  12. Neuroscience of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: the search for endophenotypes.
    Nat Rev Neurosci. 2002 Aug;3(8):617-28 PMID: 12154363
  13. Beneficial effects of nicotine administered prior to a delayed matching-to-sample task in young and aged monkeys.
    Neurobiol Aging. 1991 May-Jun;12(3):233-8 PMID: 1876228
  14. Nicotinic receptors in the brain. Molecular biology, function, and therapeutics.
    Mol Chem Neuropathol. 1996 May-Aug;28(1-3):3-11 PMID: 8871936
  15. Hippocampal alpha 7 and alpha 4 beta 2 nicotinic receptors and working memory.
    Neuroscience. 2002;109(4):757-65 PMID: 11927157
  16. Normalization of auditory physiology by cigarette smoking in schizophrenic patients.
    Am J Psychiatry. 1993 Dec;150(12):1856-61 PMID: 8238642
  17. The effects of cholinergic drugs and cholinergic-rich foetal neural transplants on alcohol-induced deficits in radial maze performance in rats.
    Behav Brain Res. 1991 Apr 18;43(1):7-28 PMID: 1677582
  18. Effect of subtype selective nicotinic compounds on attention as assessed by the five-choice serial reaction time task.
    Behav Brain Res. 2000 Dec 20;117(1-2):197-208 PMID: 11099773
  19. Chronic haloperidol administration does not block acute nicotine-induced improvements in radial-arm maze performance in the rat.
    Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 1997 Dec;58(4):899-902 PMID: 9408193
  20. Nicotine interactions with haloperidol, clozapine and risperidone and working memory function in rats.
    Neuropsychopharmacology. 2002 Oct;27(4):534-41 PMID: 12377390
  21. A nicotinic cholinergic agonist (GTS-21) and eyeblink classical conditioning: acquisition, retention, and relearning in older rabbits.
    Exp Aging Res. 2000 Oct-Dec;26(4):323-36 PMID: 11091939
  22. Nicotine enhances Morris water maze performance of young and aged rats.
    Neurobiol Aging. 1995 Sep-Oct;16(5):857-60 PMID: 8532124
  23. Investigating the association between cigarette smoking and schizophrenia in a cohort study.
    Am J Psychiatry. 2003 Dec;160(12):2216-21 PMID: 14638593
  24. Acute and chronic nicotine effects on working memory in aged rats.
    Psychopharmacology (Berl). 1996 Jan;123(1):88-97 PMID: 8741959
  25. Effects of smoking in patients with early-onset Parkinson's disease.
    J Neurol Sci. 1993 Jul;117(1-2):28-32 PMID: 8410063
  26. Clinical and attentional effects of acute nicotine treatment in Tourette's syndrome.
    Eur Psychiatry. 2004 Apr;19(2):102-12 PMID: 15132126
  27. Ventral hippocampal alpha4beta2 nicotinic receptors and chronic nicotine effects on memory.
    Neuropharmacology. 2000 Oct;39(13):2770-8 PMID: 11044746
  28. Schizophrenia, sensory gating, and nicotinic receptors.
    Schizophr Bull. 1998;24(2):189-202 PMID: 9613620
  29. Effects of transdermal nicotine on cognitive performance in Down's syndrome.
    Lancet. 2000 Oct 21;356(9239):1409-10 PMID: 11052587
  30. Chronic transdermal nicotine patch treatment effects on cognitive performance in age-associated memory impairment.
    Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2004 Feb;171(4):465-71 PMID: 14534771
  31. Nicotinic acetylcholine involvement in cognitive function in animals.
    Psychopharmacology (Berl). 1998 Aug;138(3-4):217-30 PMID: 9725745
  32. Effects of systemic and intracerebroventricular administration of mecamylamine, a nicotinic cholinergic antagonist, on spatial memory in rats.
    Psychopharmacology (Berl). 1992;107(4):530-4 PMID: 1603896
  33. Nicotine psychopharmacology: addiction, cognition and neuroadaptation.
    Med Res Rev. 1995 Jan;15(1):47-72 PMID: 7898169
  34. Decreased protein level of nicotinic receptor alpha7 subunit in the frontal cortex from schizophrenic brain.
    Neuroreport. 1999 Jun 3;10(8):1779-82 PMID: 10501574
  35. Double dissociation of serotonergic and dopaminergic mechanisms on attentional performance using a rodent five-choice reaction time task.
    Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2003 Jan;165(2):136-45 PMID: 12420150
  36. The 5-choice serial reaction time task: behavioural pharmacology and functional neurochemistry.
    Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2002 Oct;163(3-4):362-80 PMID: 12373437
  37. Reversal of visual attentional dysfunction following lesions of the cholinergic basal forebrain by physostigmine and nicotine but not by the 5-HT3 receptor antagonist, ondansetron.
    Psychopharmacology (Berl). 1995 Mar;118(1):82-92 PMID: 7597126
  38. Effects of nicotine on cognitive deficits in schizophrenia.
    Neuropsychopharmacology. 2004 Jul;29(7):1378-85 PMID: 15138435
  39. Nicotinic systems and cognitive function.
    Psychopharmacology (Berl). 1992;108(4):417-31 PMID: 1357713
  40. Interactions between histaminergic and cholinergic systems in learning and memory.
    Behav Brain Res. 2001 Oct 15;124(2):183-94 PMID: 11640972
  41. Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a life-span perspective.
    J Clin Psychiatry. 1998;59 Suppl 7:4-16 PMID: 9680048
  42. Relationship between cigarette smoking and Alzheimer's disease in a population-based case-control study.
    Neurology. 1993 Feb;43(2):293-300 PMID: 8437692
  43. Nicotinic and muscarinic interactions and choice accuracy in the radial-arm maze.
    Brain Res Bull. 1991 Jul;27(1):125-8 PMID: 1933424
  44. Improvement in performance of a delayed matching-to-sample task by monkeys following ABT-418: a novel cholinergic channel activator for memory enhancement.
    Psychopharmacology (Berl). 1995 Aug;120(3):256-66 PMID: 8524972
  45. Nicotinic antagonist administration into the ventral hippocampus and spatial working memory in rats.
    Neuroscience. 1997 Dec;81(4):1009-17 PMID: 9330363
  46. Nicotinic involvement in memory function in zebrafish.
    Neurotoxicol Teratol. 2004 Nov-Dec;26(6):731-5 PMID: 15451037
  47. Nicotine effects on adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.
    Psychopharmacology (Berl). 1996 Jan;123(1):55-63 PMID: 8741955
  48. Nicotinic receptors in the brain: correlating physiology with function.
    Trends Neurosci. 1999 Dec;22(12):555-61 PMID: 10542436
  49. Effects of MK-801 and nicotine combinations on memory consolidation in CD1 mice.
    Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2001 Mar 1;154(2):126-30 PMID: 11314674
  50. Cholinergic drugs regulate passive avoidance performance via the amygdala.
    J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1993 Dec;267(3):1484-92 PMID: 8263810
  51. Nicotinic-serotonergic drug interactions and attentional performance in rats.
    Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2005 May;179(3):521-8 PMID: 15682310
  52. Intravenous nicotine in Alzheimer's disease: a pilot study.
    Psychopharmacology (Berl). 1988;95(2):171-5 PMID: 3137593
  53. Chronic inhibition of alpha4beta2 nicotinic receptors in the ventral hippocampus of rats: impacts on memory and nicotine response.
    Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2002 Mar;160(2):140-5 PMID: 11875631
  54. Amygdala modulation of memory consolidation: interaction with other brain systems.
    Neurobiol Learn Mem. 2002 Nov;78(3):539-52 PMID: 12559833
  55. The effects of nicotine in dermal plaster on cognitive functions in patients with Alzheimer's disease.
    Dementia. 1996 Jan-Feb;7(1):47-52 PMID: 8788082
  56. Nicotine as a cognitive enhancer.
    Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 1992 Mar;16(2):181-91 PMID: 1579636
  57. Nicotine compensates for the loss of cholinergic function to enhance long-term potentiation induction.
    Brain Res. 2002 Aug 9;946(1):148-52 PMID: 12133604
  58. Cognitive effects of nicotine.
    Biol Psychiatry. 2001 Feb 1;49(3):258-67 PMID: 11230877
  59. Timing of nicotine effects on learning in zebrafish.
    Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2006 Mar;184(3-4):547-52 PMID: 16175402
  60. Effect of H1-antagonists on spatial memory deficit evaluated by 8-arm radial maze in rats.
    Acta Pharmacol Sin. 2001 Jul;22(7):609-13 PMID: 11749824
  61. Blockade of muscarinic, rather than nicotinic, receptors impairs attention, but does not interact with serotonin depletion.
    Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2000 Feb;148(2):111-23 PMID: 10663425
  62. Spatial learning in male mice with different levels of aggressiveness: effects of housing conditions and nicotine administration.
    Behav Brain Res. 2003 Dec 17;147(1-2):1-8 PMID: 14659564
  63. Nicotine-induced catecholamine synthesis after lesions to the dorsal or ventral noradrenergic bundle.
    Eur J Pharmacol. 1990 Apr 25;179(3):383-91 PMID: 2114296
  64. Effects of nicotine and mecamylamine on choice accuracy in an operant visual signal detection task in female rats.
    Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2002 Dec;164(4):369-75 PMID: 12457266
  65. Acute effects of the selective cholinergic channel activator (nicotinic agonist) ABT-418 in Alzheimer's disease.
    Psychopharmacology (Berl). 1999 Mar;142(4):334-42 PMID: 10229057
  66. Effects of early training and nicotine treatment on the performance of male NMRI mice in the water maze.
    Neural Plast. 2003;10(4):303-17 PMID: 15152984
  67. Association between smoking and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms in a population-based sample of young adults.
    Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2005 Oct;62(10):1142-7 PMID: 16203959
  68. Ventral hippocampal alpha 7 nicotinic receptor blockade and chronic nicotine effects on memory performance in the radial-arm maze.
    Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 2001 Dec;70(4):467-74 PMID: 11796146
  69. A verification of psychostimulant-induced improvement in sustained attention in rats: effects of d-amphetamine, nicotine, and pemoline.
    Exp Clin Psychopharmacol. 2000 Feb;8(1):14-21 PMID: 10743901
  70. Chronic nicotine working and reference memory effects in the 16-arm radial maze: interactions with D1 agonist and antagonist drugs.
    Psychopharmacology (Berl). 1996 Sep;127(1):25-30 PMID: 8880940
  71. Effects of repeated administration of (-)-nicotine on AF64A-induced learning and memory impairment in rats.
    J Neural Transm (Vienna). 2002 Mar;109 (3):361-75 PMID: 11956957
  72. Schizophrenia and smoking: an epidemiological survey in a state hospital.
    Am J Psychiatry. 1995 Mar;152(3):453-5 PMID: 7864277
  73. Nicotine patches in Alzheimer's disease: pilot study on learning, memory, and safety.
    Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 1995 Jun-Jul;51(2-3):509-14 PMID: 7667377
  74. The TiPS lecture. The nicotinic acetylcholine receptor: an allosteric protein prototype of ligand-gated ion channels.
    Trends Pharmacol Sci. 1990 Dec;11(12):485-92 PMID: 2080554
  75. Cholinergic gating of response to auditory stimuli in rat hippocampus.
    Brain Res. 1992 Jul 31;587(1):130-6 PMID: 1525643
  76. Nicotine and behavioral markers of risk for schizophrenia: a double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over study.
    Neuropsychopharmacology. 2002 Dec;27(6):1056-70 PMID: 12464463
  77. Nicotinic, muscarinic and dopaminergic actions in the ventral hippocampus and the nucleus accumbens: effects on spatial working memory in rats.
    Brain Res. 1996 Jul 1;725(2):231-40 PMID: 8836529
  78. Persistence of chronic nicotine-induced cognitive facilitation.
    Behav Neural Biol. 1992 Sep;58(2):152-8 PMID: 1456935
  79. Personality differences related to smoking and adult attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.
    J Subst Abuse. 1996;8(1):129-35 PMID: 8743773
  80. The pharmacology of (-)-nicotine and novel cholinergic channel modulators.
    Adv Pharmacol. 1997;37:153-214 PMID: 8891102
  81. Effect of histamine H3-receptor antagonist clobenpropit on spatial memory of radial maze performance in rats.
    Acta Pharmacol Sin. 2000 Oct;21(10):905-10 PMID: 11501041
  82. Smoking and Parkinson's disease: a dose-response relationship.
    Neurology. 1999 Jan 1;52(1):115-9 PMID: 9921857
  83. Haloperidol increases smoking in patients with schizophrenia.
    Psychopharmacology (Berl). 1995 May;119(1):124-6 PMID: 7675943
  84. Nicotine-induced norepinephrine release in the rat amygdala and hippocampus is mediated through brainstem nicotinic cholinergic receptors.
    J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1998 Mar;284(3):1188-96 PMID: 9495882
  85. Smoking-induced ventral striatum dopamine release.
    Am J Psychiatry. 2004 Jul;161(7):1211-8 PMID: 15229053
  86. Enhanced and impaired attentional performance after infusion of D1 dopaminergic receptor agents into rat prefrontal cortex.
    J Neurosci. 2000 Feb 1;20(3):1208-15 PMID: 10648725
  87. Enhancement of sustained attention performance by the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist ABT-418 in intact but not basal forebrain-lesioned rats.
    Psychopharmacology (Berl). 1999 May;144(2):175-82 PMID: 10394999
  88. Effects of transdermal nicotine on lateralized identification and memory interference.
    Hum Psychopharmacol. 2003 Jul;18(5):339-43 PMID: 12858319
  89. The activation and inhibition of human nicotinic acetylcholine receptor by RJR-2403 indicate a selectivity for the alpha4beta2 receptor subtype.
    J Neurochem. 2000 Jul;75(1):204-16 PMID: 10854263
  90. Nicotine attenuates spatial learning deficits induced in the rat by perinatal lead exposure.
    Brain Res. 2004 Feb 27;999(1):142-7 PMID: 14746932
  91. NMDA systems in the amygdala and piriform cortex and nicotinic effects on memory function.
    Brain Res Cogn Brain Res. 2003 Jul;17(2):475-83 PMID: 12880917
  92. Nicotinic-dopaminergic relationships and radial-arm maze performance in rats.
    Behav Neural Biol. 1989 Jul;52(1):78-86 PMID: 2757586
  93. Reversal of a mecamylamine-induced cognitive deficit with the D2 agonist, LY 171555.
    Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 1989 Aug;33(4):919-22 PMID: 2575760
  94. The effects of nicotine on learning and memory: a neuropsychological assessment in young and senescent Fischer 344 rats.
    Physiol Behav. 1999 Sep;67(3):421-31 PMID: 10497962
  95. Attentional effects of nicotinic agonists in rats.
    Neuropharmacology. 2003 Jun;44(8):1054-67 PMID: 12763099
  96. AR-R 17779 improves social recognition in rats by activation of nicotinic alpha7 receptors.
    Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2004 Apr;172(4):375-83 PMID: 14727003
  97. Effects of stimulation or blockade of central nicotinic-cholinergic receptors on performance of a novel version of the rat stimulus discrimination task.
    Psychopharmacology (Berl). 1996 Jan;123(2):172-81 PMID: 8741940
  98. Are the cognitive-enhancing effects of nicotine in the rat with lesions to the forebrain cholinergic projection system mediated by an interaction with the noradrenergic system?
    Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 1994 Nov;49(3):511-21 PMID: 7862702
  99. The effects of nicotine on Parkinson's disease.
    Brain Cogn. 2000 Jun-Aug;43(1-3):274-82 PMID: 10857708
  100. Smoking as a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease: contrasting evidence from a systematic review of case-control and cohort studies.
    Addiction. 2002 Jan;97(1):15-28 PMID: 11895267
  101. Spatial working memory and the brainstem cholinergic innervation to the anterior thalamus.
    J Neurosci. 2002 Mar 1;22(5):1922-8 PMID: 11880522
  102. Cognitive mechanisms of nicotine on visual attention.
    Neuron. 2002 Oct 24;36(3):539-48 PMID: 12408855
  103. Cholinergic projections to the substantia nigra from the pedunculopontine and laterodorsal tegmental nuclei.
    Neuroscience. 1989;28(3):611-23 PMID: 2710334
  104. Nicotinic receptor subtypes and cognitive function.
    J Neurobiol. 2002 Dec;53(4):633-40 PMID: 12436426
  105. Acute nicotine interactions with nicotinic and muscarinic antagonists: working and reference memory effects in the 16-arm radial maze.
    Behav Pharmacol. 1997 Jun;8(2-3):236-42 PMID: 9833018
  106. Working memory performance and cholinergic effects in the ventral tegmental area and substantia nigra.
    Brain Res. 1994 Sep 19;657(1-2):165-70 PMID: 7820615
  107. Nicotine improves memory in an object recognition task in rats.
    Eur Neuropsychopharmacol. 1999 Jun;9(4):323-7 PMID: 10422893
  108. Nicotine enhances delayed matching-to-sample performance by primates.
    Life Sci. 1988;43(3):277-87 PMID: 2899825
  109. Stimulant-like action of nicotine on striatal dopamine transporter in the brain of adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.
    Int J Neuropsychopharmacol. 2002 Jun;5(2):111-3 PMID: 12135534
  110. Effects of (+/-)-4-[[2-(1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinyl)ethyl]thio]phenol hydrochloride (SIB-1553A), a selective ligand for nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, in tests of visual attention and distractibility in rats and monkeys.
    J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2002 Apr;301(1):284-92 PMID: 11907185
  111. A pilot controlled clinical trial of ABT-418, a cholinergic agonist, in the treatment of adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.
    Am J Psychiatry. 1999 Dec;156(12):1931-7 PMID: 10588407
  112. Risk factors for Alzheimer's disease: a case-control study.
    Neuroepidemiology. 1997;16(5):234-40 PMID: 9346343
  113. Effects of nicotinic dimethylaminoethyl esters on working memory performance of rats in the radial-arm maze.
    Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 1995 Jun-Jul;51(2-3):369-73 PMID: 7667355
  114. Effects of nicotine on active avoidance learning in rats: sex differences.
    Behav Pharmacol. 1997 Jun;8(2-3):253-60 PMID: 9833020
  115. Effects of acute nicotine administration on behavioral inhibition in adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.
    Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2004 Nov;176(2):182-94 PMID: 15083253
  116. TC-1734: an orally active neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor modulator with antidepressant, neuroprotective and long-lasting cognitive effects.
    CNS Drug Rev. 2004 Summer;10(2):147-66 PMID: 15179444
  117. Nicotinic receptor abnormalities in Alzheimer's disease.
    Biol Psychiatry. 2001 Feb 1;49(3):175-84 PMID: 11230868
  118. Effects of ABT-418, a novel cholinergic channel ligand, on place learning in septal-lesioned rats.
    Eur J Pharmacol. 1994 Aug 11;261(1-2):217-22 PMID: 8001648
  119. Diversity of neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors: lessons from behavior and implications for CNS therapeutics.
    Life Sci. 1995;56(8):545-70 PMID: 7869835
  120. Effects of chronic nicotine and methylphenidate in adults with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder.
    Exp Clin Psychopharmacol. 2001 Feb;9(1):83-90 PMID: 11519638
  121. Distribution of nicotinic receptors in the human hippocampus and thalamus.
    Eur J Neurosci. 1994 Oct 1;6(10):1596-604 PMID: 7850023
  122. Improved learning and memory in aged rats with chronic administration of the nicotinic receptor agonist GTS-21.
    Brain Res. 1995 Mar 20;674(2):252-9 PMID: 7796104
  123. Nicotine enhances the learning and memory of aged rats.
    Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 1995 Nov;52(3):517-23 PMID: 8545468
  124. Neuronal nicotinic receptors in dementia with Lewy bodies and schizophrenia: alpha-bungarotoxin and nicotine binding in the thalamus.
    J Neurochem. 1999 Oct;73(4):1590-7 PMID: 10501205
  125. Reduced levels of Abeta 40 and Abeta 42 in brains of smoking controls and Alzheimer's patients.
    Neurobiol Dis. 2004 Mar;15(2):351-60 PMID: 15006705
  126. Nicotine-haloperidol interactions and cognitive performance in schizophrenics.
    Neuropsychopharmacology. 1996 Nov;15(5):429-36 PMID: 8914115
  127. Nicotine breaks down preformed Alzheimer's beta-amyloid fibrils in vitro.
    Biol Psychiatry. 2002 Nov 1;52(9):880-6 PMID: 12399141
  128. Effect of nicotine and nicotinic receptor agonists on latent inhibition in the rat.
    J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1996 Jun;277(3):1267-75 PMID: 8667187
  129. Blockade of hippocampal nicotinic receptors impairs working memory but not reference memory in rats.
    Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 1993 May;45(1):89-93 PMID: 8516378
  130. Ventral hippocampal ibotenic acid lesions block chronic nicotine-induced spatial working memory improvement in rats.
    Brain Res Cogn Brain Res. 1999 Jan;7(3):405-10 PMID: 9838204
  131. Baclofen interactions with nicotine in rats: effects on memory.
    Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 2004 Oct;79(2):343-8 PMID: 15501311
  132. Acetylcholine, histamine, and cognition: two sides of the same coin.
    Learn Mem. 2004 Jan-Feb;11(1):1-8 PMID: 14747511
  133. Involvement of pallidothalamic circuitry in working memory.
    Neuroscience. 2001;104(1):129-36 PMID: 11311537
  134. Nicotinic-glutamatergic interactions and attentional performance on an operant visual signal detection task in female rats.
    Eur J Pharmacol. 2003 Mar 28;465(1-2):83-90 PMID: 12650836
  135. Four-week nicotine skin patch treatment effects on cognitive performance in Alzheimer's disease.
    Psychopharmacology (Berl). 1999 Apr;143(2):158-65 PMID: 10326778
  136. Chronic nicotine reverses working memory deficits caused by lesions of the fimbria or medial basalocortical projection.
    Brain Res Cogn Brain Res. 1993 Oct;1(3):137-43 PMID: 8257869
  137. Nicotine-alcohol interactions and attentional performance on an operant visual signal detection task in female rats.
    Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 2003 Aug;76(1):75-83 PMID: 13679219
  138. Cigarette smoking and protection from Parkinson's disease: false association or etiologic clue?
    Neurology. 1995 Jun;45(6):1041-51 PMID: 7783862
  139. Disconnecting hippocampal projections to the anterior thalamus produces deficits on tests of spatial memory in rats.
    Eur J Neurosci. 2000 May;12(5):1714-26 PMID: 10792449
  140. Nicotine improves cognitive disturbance in senescence-accelerated mice.
    Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 1994 Nov;49(3):769-72 PMID: 7862736
  141. Smoking and mental illness: A population-based prevalence study.
    JAMA. 2000 Nov 22-29;284(20):2606-10 PMID: 11086367
  142. Chronic nicotinic stimulation and blockade effects on working memory.
    Behav Pharmacol. 1993 Apr;4(2):179-182 PMID: 11224184
  143. Nicotine self-administration in rats: strain and nicotine pre-exposure effects on acquisition.
    Psychopharmacology (Berl). 1997 Jan;129(1):35-43 PMID: 9122361
  144. AR-R17779, and alpha7 nicotinic agonist, improves learning and memory in rats.
    Behav Pharmacol. 1999 Nov;10 (6-7):675-80 PMID: 10780509
  145. Effects of nicotine on spatial memory deficits in rats with septal lesions.
    Brain Res. 1992 Feb 14;572(1-2):281-5 PMID: 1611524
  146. Nicotinic receptors in human brain: topography and pathology.
    J Chem Neuroanat. 2000 Dec;20(3-4):281-98 PMID: 11207426
  147. Cognitive effects of nicotine in humans: an fMRI study.
    Neuroimage. 2003 Jul;19(3):1002-13 PMID: 12880828
  148. Poor P50 suppression among schizophrenia patients and their first-degree biological relatives.
    Am J Psychiatry. 1998 Dec;155(12):1691-4 PMID: 9842777
  149. Nicotine-induced enhancements in the five-choice serial reaction time task in rats are strain-dependent.
    Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2001 Feb;154(1):8-12 PMID: 11292010
  150. Nicotine-dizocilpine interactions and working and reference memory performance of rats in the radial-arm maze.
    Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 1998 Nov;61(3):335-40 PMID: 9768569
  151. Cognitive effects of neonatal hippocampal lesions in a rat model of schizophrenia.
    Neuropsychopharmacology. 1996 Dec;15(6):587-94 PMID: 8946433
  152. The role of interactions between the cholinergic system and other neuromodulatory systems in learning and memory.
    Synapse. 1991 Feb;7(2):151-68 PMID: 1672782
  153. Smoking and Parkinson's disease: systematic review of prospective studies.
    Mov Disord. 2004 Jun;19(6):614-21 PMID: 15197698
  154. Normalization by nicotine of deficient auditory sensory gating in the relatives of schizophrenics.
    Biol Psychiatry. 1992 Oct 1;32(7):607-16 PMID: 1450287
  155. Lack of efficacy of a nicotine transdermal treatment on motor and cognitive deficits in Parkinson's disease.
    Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 2004 Jan;28(1):31-9 PMID: 14687854
  156. Effects of cigarette smoking and nicotine nasal spray on psychiatric symptoms and cognition in schizophrenia.
    Neuropsychopharmacology. 2002 Sep;27(3):479-97 PMID: 12225705
  157. Higher rates of cigarette smoking in male adolescents before the onset of schizophrenia: a historical-prospective cohort study.
    Am J Psychiatry. 2004 Jul;161(7):1219-23 PMID: 15229054
  158. Nicotine improves sustained attention in mice: evidence for involvement of the alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor.
    Neuropsychopharmacology. 2004 May;29(5):891-900 PMID: 14970827
  159. Self-administered nicotine activates the mesolimbic dopamine system through the ventral tegmental area.
    Brain Res. 1994 Aug 8;653(1-2):278-84 PMID: 7982062
  160. Selective effects of nicotine on attentional processes.
    Psychopharmacology (Berl). 1999 Sep;146(2):199-204 PMID: 10525756
  161. Effects of the dopamine D-2 receptor agonist, LY 171555, on radial arm maze performance in rats.
    Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 1986 Nov;25(5):1117-9 PMID: 2947250
  162. Nicotine binding in human striatum: elevation in schizophrenia and reductions in dementia with Lewy bodies, Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease and in relation to neuroleptic medication.
    Neuroscience. 2000;98(1):79-87 PMID: 10858614
  163. Mediodorsal thalamic lesions impair radial maze performance in the rat.
    Behav Neurosci. 1988 Apr;102(2):294-300 PMID: 3365324
  164. High levels of dopamine activity in the basal ganglia of cigarette smokers.
    Am J Psychiatry. 2000 Apr;157(4):632-4 PMID: 10739427
  165. Cigarette smoking in adult patients diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.
    J Subst Abuse. 1995;7(3):373-8 PMID: 8749796
  166. Nicotine improves delayed recognition in schizophrenic patients.
    Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2004 Jul;174(3):334-40 PMID: 14997272
  167. Attentional effects of nicotine and amphetamine in rats at different levels of motivation.
    Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2003 Nov;170(3):271-7 PMID: 12955304
  168. RJR-2403: a nicotinic agonist with CNS selectivity II. In vivo characterization.
    J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1996 Dec;279(3):1422-9 PMID: 8968367
  169. Nicotine-antipsychotic drug interactions and attentional performance in female rats.
    Eur J Pharmacol. 2004 Feb 20;486(2):175-82 PMID: 14975706
  170. Nicotine in an animal model of attention.
    Eur J Pharmacol. 2000 Mar 30;393(1-3):147-54 PMID: 10771008
  171. Radial-arm maze performance in rats is impaired by a combination of nicotinic-cholinergic and D2 dopaminergic antagonist drugs.
    Psychopharmacology (Berl). 1989;99(3):371-3 PMID: 2687921
  172. Ventral hippocampal NMDA blockade and nicotinic effects on memory function.
    Brain Res Bull. 2003 Sep 30;61(5):489-95 PMID: 13679247
  173. What does the hippocampus really do?
    Behav Brain Res. 1995 Nov;71(1-2):1-10 PMID: 8747170
  174. Effects of combined muscarinic and nicotinic blockade on choice accuracy in the radial-arm maze.
    Behav Neural Biol. 1989 Mar;51(2):270-7 PMID: 2930437
  175. Characterization of the cognitive effects of combined muscarinic and nicotinic blockade.
    Behav Neural Biol. 1990 Jan;53(1):103-12 PMID: 1967931
  176. Nicotine may relieve symptoms of Parkinson's disease.
    Psychopharmacology (Berl). 1994 Sep;116(1):117-9 PMID: 7862924
  177. Acute and chronic nicotinic interactions with dopamine systems and working memory performance.
    Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1995 May 10;757:245-52 PMID: 7611680
Article Info
Journal
Psychopharmacology
Abbr.
Psychopharmacology (Berl)
ISSN
0033-3158
DOI
10.1007/s00213-005-0164-7
Email
[email protected]
Published
2006-03-00
Epub
2005-00-12
Pages
523-39
Language
English
Region
Germany
NLM ID
7608025
Subset
IM
Grants
NIDA NIH HHS · DA015756 · United States
NIMH NIH HHS · MH64494 · United States
External Links
PubMed source DOI: 10.1007/s00213-005-0164-7 View journal details
Analysis Services
Analysis Services

Contact

No. 2 Wenbo Road, Zhangqiu District, Jinan, Shandong

Qilu Normal University · Genelibs Bioinformatics Lab

750 Shunhua Rd, Jinan

2F, Bldg F, University Science Park

Tel: 0531-88819269

WeChat Official Account

Follow our WeChat subscription account for real-time updates and the latest in medical and biological research.


Business Email

E-mail: [email protected]

Copyright © 2026.Genelibs Jinan Honghui Biotechnology Co., Ltd. 鲁ICP备20007159号-2