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PMID: 16469697 Published · ppublish English Journal Article Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.

DEMETER DNA glycosylase establishes MEDEA polycomb gene self-imprinting by allele-specific demethylation.

Cell ·Vol. 124 ·No. 3 ·2006-02-10 ·Pages 495-506

Gehring M, Huh JH, Hsieh TF, Penterman J, Choi Y, Harada JJ, Goldberg RB, Fischer RL

Abstract

MEDEA (MEA) is an Arabidopsis Polycomb group gene that is imprinted in the endosperm. The maternal allele is expressed and the paternal allele is silent. MEA is controlled by DEMETER (DME), a DNA glycosylase required to activate MEA expression, and METHYLTRANSFERASE I (MET1), which maintains CG methylation at the MEA locus. Here we show that DME is responsible for endosperm maternal-allele-specific hypomethylation at the MEA gene. DME can excise 5-methylcytosine in vitro and when expressed in E. coli. Abasic sites opposite 5-methylcytosine inhibit DME activity and might prevent DME from generating double-stranded DNA breaks. Unexpectedly, paternal-allele silencing is not controlled by DNA methylation. Rather, Polycomb group proteins that are expressed from the maternal genome, including MEA, control paternal MEA silencing. Thus, DME establishes MEA imprinting by removing 5-methylcytosine to activate the maternal allele. MEA imprinting is subsequently maintained in the endosperm by maternal MEA silencing the paternal allele.

MeSH Terms
Alleles Arabidopsis/genetics,metabolism Arabidopsis Proteins/genetics,metabolism Base Pair Mismatch Base Sequence DNA Methylation DNA, Plant/genetics,metabolism Escherichia coli/genetics,metabolism Gene Silencing Genes, Plant Genomic Imprinting Models, Genetic N-Glycosyl Hydrolases/genetics,metabolism Recombinant Proteins/genetics,metabolism Trans-Activators/genetics,metabolism
Chemicals
Arabidopsis Proteins DNA, Plant MEA protein, Arabidopsis Recombinant Proteins Trans-Activators DEMETER protein, Arabidopsis N-Glycosyl Hydrolases
Authors & Affiliations
8 authors, click to expand affiliations / ORCID
Gehring Mary
Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
Huh Jin Hoe
Hsieh Tzung-Fu
Penterman Jon
Choi Yeonhee
Harada John J
Goldberg Robert B
Fischer Robert L
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Article Info
Journal
Cell
Abbr.
Cell
ISSN
0092-8674
DOI
10.1016/j.cell.2005.12.034
Published
2006-02-10
Pages
495-506
Language
English
Region
United States
NLM ID
0413066
PMCID
PMC4106368
Subset
IM
Grants
NIGMS NIH HHS · R01 GM069415 · United States
NIGMS NIH HHS · GM069415 · United States
Corrections
CommentIn
PMID: 16469694
External Links
PubMed source DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2005.12.034 PMC Full Text View journal details
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