Home LiteratureArticle Details
PMID: 17145549 Published · ppublish English Journal Article Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural Review

Tumor macrophage redox and effector mechanisms associated with hypoxia.

Free radical biology & medicine ·Vol. 41 ·No. 11 ·2006-12-01 ·Pages 1621-8

Espey MG

Abstract

Monocytes are recruited from the circulation into solid tumors where they differentiate into macrophages with unique phenotypes. While macrophages utilize oxygen in a broad range of immune effector functions, the generation of reactive oxygen and nitrogen oxide species is less clear in the setting of hypoxia, which can be a prominent feature of solid tumors. The relationships among innate immunity, redox systems, and the plasticity of phenotypic changes tumor-associated macrophages undergo in conjunction with tumor hypoxia will be examined.

MeSH Terms
Animals Humans Hypoxia/etiology,pathology Immunity, Innate Macrophages/metabolism,pathology Neoplasms/complications,pathology,therapy Oxidation-Reduction
Authors & Affiliations
1 authors, click to expand affiliations / ORCID
Espey Michael Graham
Radiation Biology Branch, National Cancer Institute, NIH, 10/B3-B69, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. [email protected]
References (88)
88 references, click to expand
  1. Semiquantitative immunohistochemical analysis for hypoxia in human tumors.
    Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2001 Feb 1;49(2):569-74 PMID: 11173156
  2. Arginase I expression and activity in human mononuclear cells after injury.
    Ann Surg. 2001 Mar;233(3):393-9 PMID: 11224628
  3. Intersection of interferon and hypoxia signal transduction pathways in nitric oxide-induced tumor apoptosis.
    Cancer Res. 2001 May 1;61(9):3682-8 PMID: 11325839
  4. Homologs of gp91phox: cloning and tissue expression of Nox3, Nox4, and Nox5.
    Gene. 2001 May 16;269(1-2):131-40 PMID: 11376945
  5. Regulation of inducible nitric oxide synthase by self-generated NO.
    Biochemistry. 2001 Jun 12;40(23):6876-81 PMID: 11389602
  6. Hypoxia-inducible factor 1: oxygen homeostasis and disease pathophysiology.
    Trends Mol Med. 2001 Aug;7(8):345-50 PMID: 11516994
  7. Expression of cyclooxygenase-2 and inducible nitric oxide synthase in human ovarian tumors and tumor-associated macrophages.
    Cancer Res. 2001 Oct 1;61(19):7305-9 PMID: 11585770
  8. Hypochlorous acid oxygenates the cysteine switch domain of pro-matrilysin (MMP-7). A mechanism for matrix metalloproteinase activation and atherosclerotic plaque rupture by myeloperoxidase.
    J Biol Chem. 2001 Nov 2;276(44):41279-87 PMID: 11533038
  9. Nitric oxide synthase sequences in the marine fish Stenotomus chrysops and the sea urchin Arbacia punctulata, and phylogenetic analysis of nitric oxide synthase calmodulin-binding domains.
    Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol. 2001 Dec;130(4):479-91 PMID: 11691625
  10. HIF-1 expression in healing wounds: HIF-1alpha induction in primary inflammatory cells by TNF-alpha.
    Am J Physiol Cell Physiol. 2001 Dec;281(6):C1971-7 PMID: 11698256
  11. Identification of a novel, multifunctional beta-defensin (human beta-defensin 3) with specific antimicrobial activity. Its interaction with plasma membranes of Xenopus oocytes and the induction of macrophage chemoattraction.
    Cell Tissue Res. 2001 Nov;306(2):257-64 PMID: 11702237
  12. Differences in three kinetic parameters underpin the unique catalytic profiles of nitric-oxide synthases I, II, and III.
    J Biol Chem. 2001 Dec 28;276(52):48887-98 PMID: 11684690
  13. Expression of HIF-1alpha by human macrophages: implications for the use of macrophages in hypoxia-regulated cancer gene therapy.
    J Pathol. 2002 Feb;196(2):204-12 PMID: 11793372
  14. Hypoxia-induced, perinecrotic expression of endothelial Per-ARNT-Sim domain protein-1/hypoxia-inducible factor-2alpha correlates with tumor progression, vascularization, and focal macrophage infiltration in bladder cancer.
    Clin Cancer Res. 2002 Feb;8(2):471-80 PMID: 11839666
  15. The role of tumour-associated macrophages in tumour progression: implications for new anticancer therapies.
    J Pathol. 2002 Mar;196(3):254-65 PMID: 11857487
  16. Direct real-time evaluation of nitration with green fluorescent protein in solution and within human cells reveals the impact of nitrogen dioxide vs. peroxynitrite mechanisms.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2002 Mar 19;99(6):3481-6 PMID: 11904413
  17. Protein nitration is mediated by heme and free metals through Fenton-type chemistry: an alternative to the NO/O2- reaction.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2002 Oct 1;99(20):12691-6 PMID: 12226478
  18. Antibacterial peptide PR-39 affects local nitric oxide and preserves tissue oxygenation in the liver during septic shock.
    Biochim Biophys Acta. 2002 Dec 12;1588(3):232-40 PMID: 12393178
  19. Alternative activation of macrophages.
    Nat Rev Immunol. 2003 Jan;3(1):23-35 PMID: 12511873
  20. An angiogenic role for the human peptide antibiotic LL-37/hCAP-18.
    J Clin Invest. 2003 Jun;111(11):1665-72 PMID: 12782669
  21. Endogenous production of antimicrobial peptides in innate immunity and human disease.
    Curr Allergy Asthma Rep. 2003 Sep;3(5):402-9 PMID: 12906776
  22. Hypoxia-induced gene expression in human macrophages: implications for ischemic tissues and hypoxia-regulated gene therapy.
    Am J Pathol. 2003 Oct;163(4):1233-43 PMID: 14507633
  23. Oxygen and the regulation of gene expression in wounds.
    Wound Repair Regen. 2003 Nov-Dec;11(6):445-51 PMID: 14617284
  24. Redistribution of intracellular oxygen in hypoxia by nitric oxide: effect on HIF1alpha.
    Science. 2003 Dec 12;302(5652):1975-8 PMID: 14671307
  25. Derangement of immune responses by myeloid suppressor cells.
    Cancer Immunol Immunother. 2004 Feb;53(2):64-72 PMID: 14593498
  26. Antigen-specific inhibition of CD8+ T cell response by immature myeloid cells in cancer is mediated by reactive oxygen species.
    J Immunol. 2004 Jan 15;172(2):989-99 PMID: 14707072
  27. Tumour-educated macrophages promote tumour progression and metastasis.
    Nat Rev Cancer. 2004 Jan;4(1):71-8 PMID: 14708027
  28. Cathelicidins, multifunctional peptides of the innate immunity.
    J Leukoc Biol. 2004 Jan;75(1):39-48 PMID: 12960280
  29. Hypoxia selectively inhibits monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 production by macrophages.
    J Immunol. 2004 Feb 1;172(3):1681-90 PMID: 14734750
  30. Intravital imaging of cell movement in tumours.
    Nat Rev Cancer. 2003 Dec;3(12):921-30 PMID: 14737122
  31. Oxidative cross-linking of tryptophan to glycine restrains matrix metalloproteinase activity: specific structural motifs control protein oxidation.
    J Biol Chem. 2004 Feb 20;279(8):6209-12 PMID: 14670964
  32. eNOS at a glance.
    J Cell Sci. 2004 May 15;117(Pt 12):2427-9 PMID: 15159447
  33. Hypoxic inducible factor 1alpha, extracellular signal-regulated kinase, and p53 are regulated by distinct threshold concentrations of nitric oxide.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 Jun 15;101(24):8894-9 PMID: 15178764
  34. Hypoxia inhibits the expression of the CCR5 chemokine receptor in macrophages.
    Cell Immunol. 2004 Mar;228(1):1-7 PMID: 15203313
  35. Arginase I production in the tumor microenvironment by mature myeloid cells inhibits T-cell receptor expression and antigen-specific T-cell responses.
    Cancer Res. 2004 Aug 15;64(16):5839-49 PMID: 15313928
  36. Superoxide dismutase and catalase are required to detect (.-)NO from both coupled and uncoupled neuronal no synthase.
    Free Radic Biol Med. 2004 Oct 1;37(7):988-97 PMID: 15336315
  37. Mechanisms regulating the recruitment of macrophages into hypoxic areas of tumors and other ischemic tissues.
    Blood. 2004 Oct 15;104(8):2224-34 PMID: 15231578
  38. Expansion of myeloid immune suppressor Gr+CD11b+ cells in tumor-bearing host directly promotes tumor angiogenesis.
    Cancer Cell. 2004 Oct;6(4):409-21 PMID: 15488763
  39. Detection and quantitation of macrophage infiltration into primary human tumors with the use of cell-surface markers.
    J Natl Cancer Inst. 1977 Oct;59(4):1081-7 PMID: 903990
  40. Effects of oxygen tension and pH on the respiratory burst of human neutrophils.
    Blood. 1979 Jun;53(6):1133-9 PMID: 36182
  41. History of immunology. Cellular versus humoral immunity: determinants and consequences of an epic 19th century battle.
    Cell Immunol. 1979 Nov;48(1):208-21 PMID: 389439
  42. Functional heterogeneity among peritoneal macrophages. III. No evidence for the role of arginase in the inhibition of tumor cell growth by supernatants from macrophages or macrophage subpopulation cultures.
    Cell Immunol. 1980 Sep 15;55(1):174-84 PMID: 7428045
  43. Tumors: wounds that do not heal. Similarities between tumor stroma generation and wound healing.
    N Engl J Med. 1986 Dec 25;315(26):1650-9 PMID: 3537791
  44. Macrophage content of murine sarcomas and carcinomas: associations with tumor growth parameters and tumor radiocurability.
    Cancer Res. 1987 Feb 15;47(4):1069-75 PMID: 3802091
  45. The relationship between superoxide generation, cytochrome b and oxygen in activated neutrophils.
    FEBS Lett. 1988 Jan 18;227(1):39-42 PMID: 2828111
  46. Hypoxia in tumors: a paradigm for the approach to biochemical and physiologic heterogeneity.
    J Natl Cancer Inst. 1988 May 4;80(5):310-7 PMID: 3282077
  47. Origin and turnover of monocytes and macrophages.
    Curr Top Pathol. 1989;79:125-50 PMID: 2644082
  48. Cationic polyelectrolytes: potent opsonic agents which activate the respiratory burst in leukocytes.
    Free Radic Res Commun. 1989;8(1):11-26 PMID: 2555283
  49. The origin and function of tumor-associated macrophages.
    Immunol Today. 1992 Jul;13(7):265-70 PMID: 1388654
  50. Temporal heterogeneity in microregional erythrocyte flux in experimental solid tumours.
    Br J Cancer. 1995 Jun;71(6):1210-3 PMID: 7779713
  51. Macrophage activation by culture in an anoxic environment.
    J Immunol. 1995 Nov 1;155(9):4391-6 PMID: 7594599
  52. A distinct and unique transcriptional program expressed by tumor-associated macrophages (defective NF-kappaB and enhanced IRF-3/STAT1 activation).
    Blood. 2006 Mar 1;107(5):2112-22 PMID: 16269622
  53. Tumour-associated macrophages are a distinct M2 polarised population promoting tumour progression: potential targets of anti-cancer therapy.
    Eur J Cancer. 2006 Apr;42(6):717-27 PMID: 16520032
  54. Electron paramagnetic resonance imaging of tumor hypoxia: enhanced spatial and temporal resolution for in vivo pO2 determination.
    Magn Reson Med. 2006 May;55(5):1157-63 PMID: 16596636
  55. Superoxide fluxes limit nitric oxide-induced signaling.
    J Biol Chem. 2006 Sep 8;281(36):25984-93 PMID: 16829532
  56. The chemistry and tumoricidal activity of nitric oxide/hydrogen peroxide and the implications to cell resistance/susceptibility.
    J Biol Chem. 1996 Mar 15;271(11):6144-51 PMID: 8626402
  57. PR-39, a proline-rich antibacterial peptide that inhibits phagocyte NADPH oxidase activity by binding to Src homology 3 domains of p47 phox.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1996 Jun 11;93(12):6014-8 PMID: 8650211
  58. Evolution of gene families and relationship with organismal evolution: rapid divergence of tissue-specific genes in the early evolution of chordates.
    Mol Biol Evol. 1996 Mar;13(3):483-93 PMID: 8742637
  59. Association of macrophage infiltration with angiogenesis and prognosis in invasive breast carcinoma.
    Cancer Res. 1996 Oct 15;56(20):4625-9 PMID: 8840975
  60. Microregional fluctuations in perfusion within human tumours detected using laser Doppler flowmetry.
    Radiother Oncol. 1996 Jul;40(1):45-50 PMID: 8844886
  61. A partial sequence for nitric oxide synthase from a goldfish (Carassius auratus) macrophage cell line.
    Immunol Cell Biol. 1996 Aug;74(4):374-9 PMID: 8872189
  62. Functional requirement of the hypoxia-responsive element in the activation of the inducible nitric oxide synthase promoter by the iron chelator desferrioxamine.
    J Biol Chem. 1997 May 2;272(18):12236-43 PMID: 9115299
  63. The unique physiology of solid tumors: opportunities (and problems) for cancer therapy.
    Cancer Res. 1998 Apr 1;58(7):1408-16 PMID: 9537241
  64. Alternative metabolic states in murine macrophages reflected by the nitric oxide synthase/arginase balance: competitive regulation by CD4+ T cells correlates with Th1/Th2 phenotype.
    J Immunol. 1998 Jun 1;160(11):5347-54 PMID: 9605134
  65. Inducible nitric-oxide synthase generates superoxide from the reductase domain.
    J Biol Chem. 1998 Aug 28;273(35):22635-9 PMID: 9712892
  66. Tumor-induced immune dysfunction: the macrophage connection.
    J Leukoc Biol. 1998 Sep;64(3):275-90 PMID: 9738653
  67. Hypoxemia in the absence of blood loss upregulates iNOS expression and activity in macrophages.
    Am J Physiol. 1999 Feb;276(2 Pt 1):C285-90 PMID: 9950754
  68. Necrosis correlates with high vascular density and focal macrophage infiltration in invasive carcinoma of the breast.
    Br J Cancer. 1999 Feb;79(5-6):991-5 PMID: 10070902
  69. Myeloid progenitor cells mediate immune suppression in patients with head and neck cancers.
    Int J Immunopharmacol. 1999 Apr;21(4):241-52 PMID: 10408632
  70. Regulation of intestinal alpha-defensin activation by the metalloproteinase matrilysin in innate host defense.
    Science. 1999 Oct 1;286(5437):113-7 PMID: 10506557
  71. Arginase I is constitutively expressed in human granulocytes and participates in fungicidal activity.
    Blood. 2005 Mar 15;105(6):2549-56 PMID: 15546957
  72. STAT1 signaling regulates tumor-associated macrophage-mediated T cell deletion.
    J Immunol. 2005 Apr 15;174(8):4880-91 PMID: 15814715
  73. Immunomodulatory activities of small host defense peptides.
    Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2005 May;49(5):1727-32 PMID: 15855488
  74. Macrophages sequentially change their functional phenotype in response to changes in microenvironmental influences.
    J Immunol. 2005 Jul 1;175(1):342-9 PMID: 15972667
  75. HIF-1alpha expression regulates the bactericidal capacity of phagocytes.
    J Clin Invest. 2005 Jul;115(7):1806-15 PMID: 16007254
  76. Macrophage responses to hypoxia: implications for tumor progression and anti-cancer therapies.
    Am J Pathol. 2005 Sep;167(3):627-35 PMID: 16127144
  77. NO restores HIF-1alpha hydroxylation during hypoxia: role of reactive oxygen species.
    Free Radic Biol Med. 2005 Oct 1;39(7):925-36 PMID: 16140212
  78. Mobilization of bone marrow-derived cells enhances the angiogenic response to hypoxia without transdifferentiation into endothelial cells.
    Circ Res. 2005 Nov 11;97(10):1027-35 PMID: 16210550
  79. Distinct role of macrophages in different tumor microenvironments.
    Cancer Res. 2006 Jan 15;66(2):605-12 PMID: 16423985
  80. Characterization of the tuberculous granuloma in murine and human lungs: cellular composition and relative tissue oxygen tension.
    Cell Microbiol. 2006 Feb;8(2):218-32 PMID: 16441433
  81. Direct demonstration of instabilities in oxygen concentrations within the extravascular compartment of an experimental tumor.
    Cancer Res. 2006 Feb 15;66(4):2219-23 PMID: 16489024
  82. Co-expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase and arginases in different human monocyte subsets. Apoptosis regulated by endogenous NO.
    Biochim Biophys Acta. 1999 Sep 21;1451(2-3):319-33 PMID: 10556586
  83. Macrophage responses to hypoxia: relevance to disease mechanisms.
    J Leukoc Biol. 1999 Dec;66(6):889-900 PMID: 10614769
  84. PR39, a peptide regulator of angiogenesis.
    Nat Med. 2000 Jan;6(1):49-55 PMID: 10613823
  85. Alternative versus classical activation of macrophages.
    Pathobiology. 1999;67(5-6):222-6 PMID: 10725788
  86. M-1/M-2 macrophages and the Th1/Th2 paradigm.
    J Immunol. 2000 Jun 15;164(12):6166-73 PMID: 10843666
  87. Increased production of immature myeloid cells in cancer patients: a mechanism of immunosuppression in cancer.
    J Immunol. 2001 Jan 1;166(1):678-89 PMID: 11123353
  88. Inhibition of monocyte and macrophage chemotaxis by hypoxia and inflammation--a potential mechanism.
    Eur J Immunol. 2001 Feb;31(2):480-9 PMID: 11180113
Article Info
Journal
Free radical biology & medicine
Abbr.
Free Radic Biol Med
ISSN
0891-5849
Published
2006-12-01
Epub
2006-00-16
Pages
1621-8
Language
English
Region
United States
NLM ID
8709159
PMCID
PMC1934898
Subset
IM
Grants
Intramural NIH HHS · Z99 DK999999 · United States
Analysis Services
Analysis Services

Contact

No. 2 Wenbo Road, Zhangqiu District, Jinan, Shandong

Qilu Normal University · Genelibs Bioinformatics Lab

750 Shunhua Rd, Jinan

2F, Bldg F, University Science Park

Tel: 0531-88819269

WeChat Official Account

Follow our WeChat subscription account for real-time updates and the latest in medical and biological research.


Business Email

E-mail: [email protected]