Glucose transporter gene expression in early mouse embryos.

The glucose transporter (GLUT) isoforms responsible for glucose uptake in early mouse embryos have been identified. GLUT 1, the isoform present in nearly every tissue examined including adult brain and erythrocytes, is expressed throughout preimplantation development. GLUT 2, which is normally present in adult liver, kidney, intestine and pancreatic beta cells is expressed from the 8-cell stage onward. GLUT 4, an insulin-recruitable isoform, which is expressed in adult fat and muscle, is not expressed at any stage of preimplantation development or in early postimplantation stage embryos. Genetic mapping studies of glucose transporters in the mouse show that Glut-1 is located on chromosome 4, Glut-2 on chromosome 3, Glut-3 on chromosome 6, and Glut-4 on chromosome 11.