Home LiteratureArticle Details

PMID: 17872520 Published · ppublish English Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Maternofetal transmission of hepatitis B virus genotype E in Ghana, west Africa.

The Journal of general virology ·Vol. 88 ·No. Pt 10 ·2007-10-00 ·Pages 2686-2695

Candotti D, Danso K, Allain JP

Abstract

To determine whether maternofetal transmission of hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a common route of infection leading to chronic infection in west Africa, plasma samples, obtained at delivery from 1368 pregnant Ghanaian women and paired umbilical cord blood or newborn whole blood samples, were tested for HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) and DNA. A 16 % prevalence of HBV chronic carriers, defined as detectable HBsAg and/or HBV DNA, was found, >80 % contained less than 1 x 10(4) IU ml(-1) HBV DNA and 99 % were infected with genotype E strains. HBV maternofetal transmission was documented in 17 out of 204 (8.3 %) paired HBV carrier women-cord blood/newborn samples. The rate of transmission was 55 % and 3.3 % when maternal viral load was above or below 1 x 10(4) IU ml(-1), respectively (P=0.0008). Maternofetal transmission of HBV genotype E was estimated to account for 8 % of the cases of chronic HBsAg carriers. Six women with low viral load at delivery (five <20 IU ml(-1)) and anti-HBe (hepatitis B e antigen) transmitted HBV. Surprisingly, while non-transmitted low viral load strains had 79 % mutations at position 1896 of HBV genome, transmitted strains were all wild-type despite anti-HBe presence (P=0.0041), suggesting the possible role of HBeAg as risk factor for HBV maternofetal transmission. The relative risk of maternofetal transmission was 2.4 when pregnant women carried high viral load and 11.5 when carrying wild-type strains at position 1896, irrespective of viral load. We conclude that viral load and pre-core wild-type at position 1896 are two independent risk factors for HBV genotype E maternofetal transmission, which remains a minor contributor to high prevalence of chronic infection.

MeSH Terms

Cloning, Molecular DNA, Viral/blood,genetics,isolation & purification Delivery, Obstetric Female Fetal Blood/virology Gene Amplification Genotype Ghana/epidemiology Hepatitis B/epidemiology,transmission Hepatitis B Surface Antigens/analysis Hepatitis B virus/genetics,isolation & purification Humans Infant, Newborn Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical Molecular Sequence Data Polymerase Chain Reaction Pregnancy/blood

Chemicals

DNA, Viral Hepatitis B Surface Antigens

Authors & Affiliations

3 authors, click to expand affiliations / ORCID

Candotti Daniel

National Health Service Blood and Transplant, Cambridge Blood Centre, Cambridge, UK.

Danso Kwabena

Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Kumasi, Ghana.

Allain Jean-Pierre

Division of Transfusion Medicine, Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.

Article Info

Journal

The Journal of general virology

Abbr.

J Gen Virol

ISSN

0022-1317

DOI

10.1099/vir.0.83102-0

Published

2007-10-00

Pages

2686-2695

Language

English

Region

England

NLM ID

0077340

Subset

Databases

GENBANK

EF655914, EF655915, EF655916, EF655917, EF655918, EF655919, EF655920, EF655921, EF655922, EF655923, EF655924, EF655925, EF655926, EF655927, EF655928, EF655929, EF655930, EF655931, EF655932, EF655933, EF655934, EF655935, EF655936, EF655937, EF655938, EF655939, EF655940, EF655941, EF655942, EF655943, EF655944, EF655945, EF655946, EF655947, EF655948, EF655949, EF655950, EF655951, EF655952, EF655953, EF655954, EF655955, EF655956, EF655957, EF655958, EF655959, EF655960, EF655961, EF655962, EF655963, EF655964, EF655965, EF655966, EF655967, EF655968, EF655969, EF655970, EF655971, EF655972, EF655973, EF655974, EF655975, EF655976, EF655977, EF661996, EF661997, EF661998, EF661999, EF662000, EF662001, EF662002, EF662003, EF662004, EF662005, EF662006, EF662007, EF662008, EF662009, EF662010, EF662011, EF662012, EF662013, EF662014, EF662015, EF662016, EF662017, EF662018, EF662019, EF662020, EF662021, EF662022, EF662023, EF662024, EF662025, EF662026, EF662027, EF662028, EF662029, EF662030, EF662031, EF662032, EF662033, EF662034, EF662035, EF662036, EF662037, EF662038, EF662039, EF662040, EF662041, EF662042, EF662043, EF662044, EF662045, EF662046, EF662047, EF662048, EF662049, EF662050, EF662051, EF662052

External Links

PubMed source DOI: 10.1099/vir.0.83102-0 View journal details

Analysis Services

Maternofetal transmission of hepatitis B virus genotype E in Ghana, west Africa.

Contact

WeChat Official Account