A spin label study of rat brain membranes. Effects of temperature and divalent cations.

Rat brain myelin, synaptosomal plasma membranes and synaptic vesicles were spin labelled with stearic acid nitroxide derivatives. Their electron spin resonance spectra were studied as a function of temperature and devalent ions (Ca2+ and Mg2+) concentrations. (1) Synaptosomal plasma membranes and synaptic vesicles show identical temperature variations of their order parameter (S = 0.58 at 35 degrees C and S = 0.72 AT 22 DEGREES C). Myelin appears more rigid (S = 0.66 at 35 degrees C and S = 0.76 at 22 degrees C). A discontinuity of the order parameter variation as a function of temperature, is observed between 14.5 degrees C and l9.5 degrees C with the three types of membranes. (2) The hydrophobic core of these membranes is very fluid. No transition temperature is observed. The measured values of the spin label rotation correlation times and rotational activation energies are 2.1 and 2.8 ns at 35 degrees C and 3.1 and 3.6 kcal/mol respectively for synaptosomal plasma membranes and myelin. (3) Ca2+ enhances the membrane rigidity (12+/-0.7% increase of the order parameter at 35 degrees C in the presence of 10(-3) M Ca2+) and increases the transition temperature. At a lower extend, similar effects are observed with Mg2+.