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PMID: 19144005 Published · ppublish English Journal Article Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.

Genetic analysis of acd6-1 reveals complex defense networks and leads to identification of novel defense genes in Arabidopsis.

The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology ·Vol. 58 ·No. 3 ·2009-05-00 ·Pages 401-12

Lu H, Salimian S, Gamelin E, Wang G, Fedorowski J, LaCourse W, Greenberg JT

Abstract

Pathogen infection leads to the activation of defense signaling networks in plants. To study these networks and the relationships between their components, we introduced various defense mutations into acd6-1, a constitutive gain-of-function Arabidopsis mutant that is highly disease resistant. acd6-1 plants show spontaneous cell death, reduced stature, and accumulate high levels of camalexin (an anti-fungal compound) and salicylic acid (SA; a signaling molecule). Disruption of several defense genes revealed that in acd6-1, SA levels/signaling were positively correlated with the degree of disease resistance and defense gene expression. Salicylic acid also modulates the severity of cell death. However, accumulation of camalexin in acd6-1 is largely unaffected by reducing the level of SA. In addition, acd6-1 shows ethylene- and jasmonic acid-mediated signaling that is antagonized and therefore masked by the presence of SA. Mutant analysis revealed a new relationship between the signaling components NPR1 and PAD4 and also indicated that multiple defense pathways were required for phenotypes conferred by acd6-1. In addition, our data confirmed that the size of acd6-1 was inversely correlated with SA levels/signaling. We exploited this unique feature of acd6-1 to identify two genes disrupted in acd6-1 suppressor (sup) mutants: one encodes a known SA biosynthetic component (SID2) and the other encodes an uncharacterized putative metalloprotease (At5g20660). Taken together, acd6-1 is a powerful tool not only for dissecting defense regulatory networks but also for discovering novel defense genes.

MeSH Terms
Ankyrins/genetics Arabidopsis/genetics,metabolism Arabidopsis Proteins/genetics Cyclopentanes/metabolism Ethylenes/metabolism Genes, Plant Immunity, Innate Indoles/metabolism Intramolecular Transferases/genetics,metabolism Mutagenesis, Insertional Mutation Oxylipins/metabolism Salicylic Acid/metabolism Signal Transduction Thiazoles/metabolism
Chemicals
ACD6 protein, Arabidopsis Ankyrins Arabidopsis Proteins Cyclopentanes Ethylenes Indoles Oxylipins Thiazoles camalexin jasmonic acid ethylene Intramolecular Transferases isochorismate synthase Salicylic Acid
Authors & Affiliations
7 authors, click to expand affiliations / ORCID
Lu Hua
Department of Biological Sciences, University of Maryland Baltimore County, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, MD 21250, USA. [email protected]
Salimian Sasan
Gamelin Emily
Wang Guoying
Fedorowski Jennifer
LaCourse William
Greenberg Jean T
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Article Info
Journal
The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology
Abbr.
Plant J
ISSN
1365-313X
DOI
10.1111/j.1365-313X.2009.03791.x
Email
[email protected]
Published
2009-05-00
Epub
2009-00-08
Pages
401-12
Language
English
Region
England
NLM ID
9207397
PMCID
PMC2727925
Subset
IM
Grants
NIGMS NIH HHS · R01 GM054292 · United States
NIGMS NIH HHS · R01 GM054292-13 · United States
NIGMS NIH HHS · T34 GM008663 · United States
NIGMS NIH HHS · R01 GM54292 · United States
External Links
PubMed source DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-313X.2009.03791.x PMC Full Text View journal details
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