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PMID: 19593409 Published · ppublish English Journal Article Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.

Cadmium concentrations in blood and seminal plasma: correlations with sperm number and motility in three male populations (infertility patients, artificial insemination donors, and unselected volunteers).

Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.) ·Vol. 15 ·No. 7-8 ·2009-00-00 ·Pages 248-62

Benoff S, Hauser R, Marmar JL, Hurley IR, Napolitano B, Centola GM

Abstract

To investigate a possible common environmental exposure that may partially explain the observed decrease in human semen quality, we correlated seminal plasma and blood cadmium levels with sperm concentration and sperm motility. We studied three separate human populations: group 1, infertility patients (Long Island, NY, USA); group 2, artificial insemination donors (AID) (Rochester, NY, USA); and group 3, general population volunteers (Rochester, NY, USA). Information about confounding factors was collected by questionnaire. Seminal plasma cadmium did not correlate with blood cadmium (Spearman correlation, n = 91, r = -0.092, P = 0.386, NS). Both blood and seminal plasma cadmium were significantly higher among infertility patients than the other subjects studied (for example, median seminal plasma cadmium was 0.282 microg/L in infertility patients versus 0.091 microg/L in AID and 0.092 microg/L in general population volunteers; Kruskal-Wallis test, P < 0.001). The percentage of motile sperm and sperm concentration correlated inversely with seminal plasma cadmium among the infertility patients (r = -0.201, P < 0.036 and r = -0.189, P < 0.05, respectively), but not in the other two groups. Age (among infertility patients) was the only positive confounder correlating with seminal plasma cadmium. To validate our human findings in an animal model, we chronically exposed adolescent male Wistar rats to low-moderate cadmium in drinking water. Though otherwise healthy, the rats exhibited decreases in epididymal sperm count and sperm motility associated with cadmium dose and time of exposure. Our human and rat study results are consistent with the hypothesis that environmental cadmium exposures may contribute significantly to reduced human male sperm concentration and sperm motility.

MeSH Terms
Adult Animals Biomarkers/blood,metabolism Cadmium/blood,metabolism,toxicity Cadmium Poisoning/blood,metabolism Disease Models, Animal Environmental Exposure Humans Infertility, Male/blood,chemically induced,metabolism Male Rats Rats, Wistar Reproducibility of Results Semen/metabolism Sperm Count Sperm Motility/drug effects Statistics, Nonparametric Tissue Donors
Chemicals
Biomarkers Cadmium
Authors & Affiliations
6 authors, click to expand affiliations / ORCID
Benoff Susan
Fertility Research Laboratories, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York 11030, United States of America. [email protected]
Hauser Russ
Marmar Joel L
Hurley Ian R
Napolitano Barbara
Centola Grace M
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Article Info
Journal
Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.)
Abbr.
Mol Med
ISSN
1528-3658
DOI
10.2119/molmed.2008.00104
Email
[email protected]
Published
2009-00-00
Pages
248-62
Language
English
Region
England
NLM ID
9501023
PMCID
PMC2704265
Subset
IM
Grants
NIOSH CDC HHS · R21 OH007330 · United States
NIEHS NIH HHS · ES06100 · United States
NIEHS NIH HHS · R01 ES006100 · United States
NIEHS NIH HHS · ES10496 · United States
NIOSH CDC HHS · OH07330 · United States
NIEHS NIH HHS · R01 ES010496 · United States
External Links
PubMed source DOI: 10.2119/molmed.2008.00104 PMC Full Text View journal details
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