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PMID: 20415721 Published · ppublish English Journal Article Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Cell resilience in species life spans: a link to inflammation?

Aging cell ·Vol. 9 ·No. 4 ·2010-08-00 ·Pages 519-26

Finch CE, Morgan TE, Longo VD, de Magalhaes JP

Abstract

Species differences in life span have been attributed to cellular survival during various stressors, designated here as 'cell resilience'. In primary fibroblast cultures, cell resilience during exposure to free radicals, hypoglycemia, hyperthermia, and various toxins has shown generally consistent correlations with the species characteristic life spans of birds and mammals. However, the mechanistic links of cell resilience in fibroblast cultures to different species life spans are poorly understood. We propose that certain experimental stressors are relevant to somatic damage in vivo during inflammatory responses of innate immunity, particularly, resistance to reactive oxygen species (ROS), low glucose, and hyperthermia. According to this hypothesis, somatic cell resilience determines species differences in longevity during repeated infections and traumatic injuries in the natural environment. Infections and injury expose local fibroblasts and other cells to ROS generated by macrophages and to local temperature elevations. Systemically, acute phase immune reactions cause hypoglycemia and hyperthermia. We propose that cell resilience to somatic stressors incurred in inflammation is important in the evolution of longevity and that longer-lived species are specifically more resistant to immune-related stressors. This hypothesis further specifies Kirkwood's disposable soma theory. We suggest expanding the battery of stressors and markers used for comparative studies to additional cell types and additional parameters relevant to host defense and to their ecological specificities.

MeSH Terms
Acute-Phase Reaction/immunology Animals Cell Death/genetics Cell Survival DNA Damage Fibroblasts/pathology Genome/genetics Immunity, Innate/immunology Inflammation/pathology Longevity/physiology Models, Biological Oxidative Stress Phylogeny Species Specificity
Authors & Affiliations
4 authors, click to expand affiliations / ORCID
Finch Caleb E
University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089-0191, USA. [email protected]
Morgan Todd E
Longo Valter D
de Magalhaes Joao P
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Article Info
Journal
Aging cell
Abbr.
Aging Cell
ISSN
1474-9726
DOI
10.1111/j.1474-9726.2010.00578.x
Email
[email protected]
Published
2010-08-00
Epub
2010-00-23
Pages
519-26
Language
English
Region
England
NLM ID
101130839
PMCID
PMC2952360
Subset
IM
Grants
Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council · BB/G024774/1 · United Kingdom
NIA NIH HHS · AG-026572 · United States
NIA NIH HHS · T32 AG000093-25S1 · United States
NIA NIH HHS · P01 AG026572 · United States
NIA NIH HHS · T32 AG000093 · United States
NIA NIH HHS · AG025135 · United States
NIA NIH HHS · AG20642 · United States
NIA NIH HHS · R01 AG025135 · United States
NIA NIH HHS · R01 AG020642 · United States
External Links
PubMed source DOI: 10.1111/j.1474-9726.2010.00578.x PMC Full Text View journal details
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