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PMID: 20542254 Published · ppublish English Journal Article Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural

Merkel cell polyomavirus and two previously unknown polyomaviruses are chronically shed from human skin.

Cell host & microbe ·Vol. 7 ·No. 6 ·2010-06-25 ·Pages 509-15

Schowalter RM, Pastrana DV, Pumphrey KA, Moyer AL, Buck CB

Abstract

Mounting evidence indicates that Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCV), a circular double-stranded DNA virus, is a causal factor underlying a highly lethal form of skin cancer known as Merkel cell carcinoma. To explore the possibility that MCV and other polyomaviruses commonly inhabit healthy human skin, we developed an improved rolling circle amplification (RCA) technique to isolate circular DNA viral genomes from human skin swabs. Complete MCV genomes were recovered from 40% of healthy adult volunteers tested, providing full-length, apparently wild-type cloned MCV genomes. RCA analysis also identified two previously unknown polyomavirus species that we name human polyomavirus-6 (HPyV6) and HPyV7. Biochemical experiments show that polyomavirus DNA is shed from the skin in the form of assembled virions. A pilot serological study indicates that infection or coinfection with these three skin-tropic polyomaviruses is very common. Thus, at least three polyomavirus species are constituents of the human skin microbiome.

MeSH Terms
Adult Carrier State/virology Cluster Analysis DNA, Viral/chemistry,genetics,isolation & purification Genome, Viral Human Experimentation Humans Molecular Sequence Data Nucleic Acid Amplification Techniques/methods Phylogeny Polyomavirus/classification,isolation & purification Polyomavirus Infections/virology Sequence Analysis, DNA Sequence Homology Skin/virology Virology/methods Virus Shedding
Chemicals
DNA, Viral
Authors & Affiliations
5 authors, click to expand affiliations / ORCID
Schowalter Rachel M
Tumor Virus Molecular Biology Section, Laboratory of Cellular Oncology, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892-4263, USA.
Pastrana Diana V
Pumphrey Katherine A
Moyer Adam L
Buck Christopher B
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Article Info
Journal
Cell host & microbe
Abbr.
Cell Host Microbe
ISSN
1934-6069
DOI
10.1016/j.chom.2010.05.006
Published
2010-06-25
Pages
509-15
Language
English
Region
United States
NLM ID
101302316
PMCID
PMC2919322
Subset
IM
Grants
Intramural NIH HHS · ZIA BC011090-02 · United States
Databases
GENBANK
HM011538, HM011539, HM011540, HM011541, HM011542, HM011543, HM011544, HM011545, HM011546, HM011547, HM011548, HM011549, HM011550, HM011551, HM011552, HM011553, HM011554, HM011555, HM011556, HM011557, HM011558, HM011559, HM011560, HM011561, HM011562, HM011563, HM011565, HM011566, HM011567, HM011568, HM011569, HM011570
External Links
PubMed source DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2010.05.006 PMC Full Text View journal details
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