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PMID: 21212949 Published · ppublish English Journal Article Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Review

Expression and function of a large non-coding RNA gene XIST in human cancer.

World journal of surgery ·Vol. 35 ·No. 8 ·2011-08-00 ·Pages 1751-6

Weakley SM, Wang H, Yao Q, Chen C

Abstract

X inactive-specific transcript (XIST) RNA is involved in X chromosome silencing in female cells and allows X chromosome equilibration with males. X inactive-specific transcript expression has been found to be dysregulated in a variety of human cancers when compared to normal cells; meanwhile, the inactivated X chromosome has been noted to be conspicuously absent in human cancer specimens, whereas X chromosome duplications are widely noted. The specific pathways whereby changes in X chromosome status and XIST expression occur in cancer remain incompletely described. Nevertheless, a role for XIST in BRCA1-mediated epigenetic activity has been proposed. Here we review the data regarding XIST expression and X chromosome status in a variety of female, male, and non-sex-related human cancers. It is not yet known whether X chromosome duplication, XIST dysregulation, and over-expression of X-linked genes represent important factors in tumorgenesis or are simply a consequence of overall epigenetic instability in these cancers.

MeSH Terms
Animals BRCA1 Protein/genetics Breast Neoplasms/genetics Cell Line, Tumor Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/genetics Chromosomes, Human, X/genetics Epigenesis, Genetic Female Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/genetics Gene Silencing Humans Klinefelter Syndrome/genetics Male Mice Neoplasms/genetics Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal/genetics Ovarian Neoplasms/genetics Precision Medicine/trends Prostatic Neoplasms/genetics RNA, Long Noncoding RNA, Untranslated/genetics Testicular Neoplasms/genetics Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/genetics
Chemicals
BRCA1 Protein BRCA1 protein, human RNA, Long Noncoding RNA, Untranslated XIST non-coding RNA
Authors & Affiliations
4 authors, click to expand affiliations / ORCID
Weakley Sarah M
Molecular Surgeon Research Center, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Mail stop: BCM391, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
Wang Hao
Yao Qizhi
Chen Changyi
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Article Info
Journal
World journal of surgery
Abbr.
World J Surg
ISSN
1432-2323
DOI
10.1007/s00268-010-0951-0
Published
2011-08-00
Pages
1751-6
Language
English
Region
United States
NLM ID
7704052
PMCID
PMC3275083
Subset
IM
Grants
NCI NIH HHS · R21CA140828 · United States
NCI NIH HHS · R21 CA140828 · United States
NHLBI NIH HHS · T32HL083774 · United States
NHLBI NIH HHS · T32 HL083774 · United States
NCI NIH HHS · R21 CA140828-01 · United States
NHLBI NIH HHS · T32 HL083774-02 · United States
NCI NIH HHS · R21 CA140828-02 · United States
NHLBI NIH HHS · T32 HL083774-01A2 · United States
External Links
PubMed source DOI: 10.1007/s00268-010-0951-0 PMC Full Text View journal details
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