[Large sample clinical analysis of patients with children acute leukemia in single center].

In order to investigate the epidemiology of childhood acute leukemia (CAL), such as onset age and time, risk factor, subtypes distribution and genetics, 1236 CAL patients admitted in blood disease hospital of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences for treatment from April 2004 to April 2010 were analyzed retrospectively. The results showed that the sex ratio of ALL and AML patients were 1.80:1 and 1.73:1 respectively; the average peak age of incidence lasted from 2 to 6 years with the median age of 6 years, while the ALL peak age of incidence lasted from 2 to 5 years but AML showed no significant peak age of incidence. Winter, especially January was the peak time for both onset and birth. Among all the 631 ALL patients who had already been immunophenotyped, B-ALL patients accounted for 83%, T-ALL patients accounted for 9%. Among 361 AML patients, sub-leukemia phenotype from M(0) to M(7) accounted for 0.3%, 2.2%, 29.8%, 20.9%, 8.1%, 25.2%, 4.1% and 4.6% respectively. Among 631 pediatric ALL patients who had been examined by using molecular biology technique, the positive rate of TEL/AML1, BCR/ABL, MLL and E2A/PBX1 were 23%, 7.4%, 4.1%, 2.1% respectively. Among 361 pediatric AML patients who had been examined by using molecular biology technique, 19% of the patients showed positive AML1/ETO fusion gene, 18% of the patients showed positive PML/RARα fusion gene, while 4.2% of patients showed positive CBFβ/MYH11. It is concluded that the onset of pediatric acute leukemia is influenced by age, season, environment and different genetic background.