Aripiprazole augmentation strategy in clomipramine-resistant depressive patients: an open preliminary study.

Recent evidence supports the use of second generation antipsychotics in drug resistant depression. The aim of the present open-label study was to evaluate the effect of aripiprazole as an add-on medication in drug-resistant depressed patients who had not responded to clomipramine. Thirty-five patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) were included in the study. All patients had not responded to a previous adequate treatment with an SSRI and had been receiving clomipramine (daily doses ranging from 100 to 300 mg) for 113.9 ± 18.9 days without getting significant clinical improvement. Aripiprazole was added at the fixed dose of 5mg/day and clinical status as well as clomipramine plasma levels were monitored before and after 4, 8, and 24 weeks of combined treatment. Hamilton depression rating scale scores significantly decreased over the follow-up period with 91.4% and 34.3% of patients getting a response or a remission, respectively, after 24 weeks of combined treatment. No worsening of clomipramine-related side effects nor new side effects were observed. The clinical improvement was accompanied by a progressive and significant increase in clomipramine plasma levels. With the limitation of an open-label design, these data suggest for the first time the putative efficacy and safety of aripiprazole in combination with a tricyclic medication in drug resistant depressed patients. The role of the observed pharmacokinetic interaction in the mechanism of aripiprazole antidepressant activity remains to be proved.