Studies on the hepatic calcium-mobilizing activity of aluminum fluoride and glucagon. Modulation by cAMP and phorbol myristate acetate.

The effects of submaximal doses of AlF4- to mobilize hepatocyte Ca2+ were potentiated by glucagon (0.1-1 nM) and 8-p-chlorophenylthio-cAMP. A similar potentiation by glucagon of submaximal doses of vasopressin, angiotensin II, and alpha 1-adrenergic agonists has been previously shown (Morgan, N. G., Charest, R., Blackmore, P. F., and Exton, J. H. (1984) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 81, 4208-4212). When hepatocytes were pretreated with the protein kinase C activator 4 beta-phorbol 12 beta-myristate 13 alpha-acetate (PMA), the effects of AlF4- to mobilize Ca2+, increase myo-inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3), and activate phosphorylase were attenuated. Treatment of hepatocytes with PMA likewise inhibits the ability of vasopressin, angiotensin II, and alpha 1-adrenergic agonists to increase IP3 and mobilize Ca2+ (Lynch, C. J., Charest, R., Bocckino, S. B., Exton, J. H., and Blackmore, P. F. (1985) J. Biol. Chem. 260, 2844-2851). In contrast, the ability of AlF4- or angiotensin II to lower cAMP or inhibit glucagon-mediated increases in cAMP was unaffected by PMA. The ability of AlF4- to lower cAMP was attenuated in hepatocytes from animals treated with islet-activating protein, whereas Ca2+ mobilization was not modified. These results suggest that the lowering of cAMP induced by AlF4- and angiotensin II was mediated by the inhibitory guanine nucleotide-binding regulatory protein of adenylate cyclase, whereas Ca2+ mobilization was not. Addition of glucagon, forskolin, or 8CPT-cAMP to hepatocytes raised IP3 and mobilized Ca2+. Both effects were blocked by PMA pretreatment, whereas cAMP and phosphorylase a levels were only minimally affected by PMA. The mobilization of Ca2+ induced by cAMP in hepatocytes incubated in low Ca2+ media was not additive with that induced by maximally effective doses of vasopressin, angiotensin II, or alpha 1-adrenergic agonists, indicating that the Ca2+ pool(s) affected by agents which increase cAMP is the same as that affected by Ca2+-mobilizing hormones which do not increase cAMP. These findings support the proposal that AlF4- mimics the effects of the Ca2+-mobilizing hormones in hepatocytes by activating a guanine nucleotide-binding regulatory protein (Np) which couples the hormone receptors to a phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2)-specific phosphodiesterase. They also suggest that Np, PIP2 phosphodiesterase, or a factor involved in their interaction is activated following phosphorylation by cAMP-dependent protein kinase and inhibited after phosphorylation by protein kinase C.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)