New Genetics and Genomic Data on Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors: Implications for Diagnosis, Treatment, and Targeted Therapies.

The recent findings on the roles of death-associated protein 6/α-thalassemia/mental retardation X-linked (DAXX/ATRX) in the development of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PanNETs) have led to major advances in the molecular understanding of these rare tumors and open up completely new therapeutic windows. This overview aims at giving a simplified view on these findings and their possible therapeutic implications. The importance of epigenetic changes in PanNET is also underlined by recent findings of a cross-species study on microRNA (miRNA) and messenger RNA (mRNA) profiles in PanNETs.