Pri-miR-34b/c rs4938723 polymorphism is associated with the risk of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs), small noncoding regulatory RNAs, are key regulators of gene expression. The impact of Pri-miR-34b/c rs4938723 variant on development of various cancers is still controversial. In the present study, we examined whether a rs4938723 variant located at the promoter region of Pri-miR-34b/c is associated with childhood ALL. A total of 110 children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and 120 healthy children were recruited to participate in this study. The rs4938723 variant was genotyped by polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method. The rs4938723 variant decreased the risk of ALL in heterozygous (TC vs OR = 0.48, 95% CI = 0.28-0.84, p = 0.012, TC vs TT) and overdominant (OR = 0.51, 95% CI = 0.30-0.89, p = 0.0.020, TC vs TT + CC): OR = 1.32, 95% CI = 0.67-2.59, p = 0.498; C vs T: OR = 0.99, 95% CI = 0.75-1.31, p = 0.986) inheritance models tested. The C allele significantly decreased the risk of childhood ALL compared to T allele (OR = 0.52, 95% CI = 0.33-0.83, p = 0.006). Our findings proposed an association between Pri-miR-34 b/c rs4938723 variant and risk of childhood ALL development in a sample of Iranian population.