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PMID: 2798122 Published · ppublish English Comparative Study Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.

Phylogenetic evidence of a role for 5-hydroxymethyluracil-DNA glycosylase in the maintenance of 5-methylcytosine in DNA.

Nucleic acids research ·Vol. 17 ·No. 19 ·1989-10-11 ·Pages 7653-61

Boorstein RJ, Chiu LN, Teebor GW

Abstract

5-Hydroxymethyluracil (HmUra) is formed in DNA as a product of oxidative attack on the methyl group of thymine. It is also the product of the deamination of 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (HmCyt) which may be formed via oxidation of 5-methylcytosine (MeCyt). HmUra is removed from DNA by a DNA glycosylase which, together with HmCyt-DNA glycosylase, is unique among DNA repair enzymes in being present in mammalian cells but absent from bacteria and yeast. We found HmUra-DNA glycosylase activity in a wide variety of vertebrate and invertebrate animals (except Drosophila) and in protozoans. In most vertebrate organisms the highest specific activity was in nervous and immune system tissue. The phylogenetic distribution of HmUra-DNA glycosylase correlates with the presence of 5-methylcytosine (MeCyt) as a regulator of gene expression. This distribution of activity supports the contention that HmUra-DNA glycosylase aids in the maintenance of methylated sites in DNA.

MeSH Terms
5-Methylcytosine Animals Cytosine/analogs & derivatives,analysis DNA/analysis Humans Invertebrates Phylogeny Species Specificity Vertebrates
Chemicals
5-Methylcytosine Cytosine DNA
Authors & Affiliations
3 authors, click to expand affiliations / ORCID
Boorstein R J
Department of Pathology, NYU Medical Center, NY 10016.
Chiu L N
Teebor G W
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Article Info
Journal
Nucleic acids research
Abbr.
Nucleic Acids Res
ISSN
0305-1048
DOI
10.1093/nar/17.19.7653
Published
1989-10-11
Pages
7653-61
Language
English
Region
England
NLM ID
0411011
PMCID
PMC334874
Subset
IM
Grants
NIADDK NIH HHS · AM 07421 · United States
NCI NIH HHS · CA49869 · United States
NIEHS NIH HHS · ES 03857 · United States
External Links
PubMed source DOI: 10.1093/nar/17.19.7653 PMC Full Text View journal details
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