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PMID: 2837653 Published · ppublish English Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.

Structure, chromosome location, and expression of the human gamma-actin gene: differential evolution, location, and expression of the cytoskeletal beta- and gamma-actin genes.

Molecular and cellular biology ·Vol. 8 ·No. 4 ·1988-04-00 ·Pages 1775-89

Erba HP, Eddy R, Shows T, Kedes L, Gunning P

Abstract

The accumulation of the cytoskeletal beta- and gamma-actin mRNAs was determined in a variety of mouse tissues and organs. The beta-isoform is always expressed in excess of the gamma-isoform. However, the molar ratio of beta- to gamma-actin mRNA varies from 1.7 in kidney and testis to 12 in sarcomeric muscle to 114 in liver. We conclude that, whereas the cytoskeletal beta- and gamma-actins are truly coexpressed, their mRNA levels are subject to differential regulation between different cell types. The human gamma-actin gene has been cloned and sequenced, and its chromosome location has been determined. The gene is located on human chromosome 17, unlike beta-actin which is on chromosome 7. Thus, if these genes are also unlinked in the mouse, the coexpression of the beta- and gamma-actin genes in rodent tissues cannot be determined by gene linkage. Comparison of the human beta- and gamma-actin genes reveals that noncoding sequences in the 5'-flanking region and in intron III have been conserved since the duplication that gave rise to these two genes. In contrast, there are sequences in intron III and the 3'-untranslated region which are not present in the beta-actin gene but are conserved between the human gamma-actin and the Xenopus borealis type 1 actin genes. Such conserved noncoding sequences may contribute to the coexpression of beta- and gamma-actin or to the unique regulation and function of the gamma-actin gene. Finally, we demonstrate that the human gamma-actin gene is expressed after introduction into mouse L cells and C2 myoblasts and that, upon fusion of C2 cells to form myotubes, the human gamma-actin gene is appropriately regulated.

MeSH Terms
Actins/genetics Amino Acid Sequence Animals Base Sequence Biological Evolution Chromosome Mapping Chromosomes, Human, Pair 17 Chromosomes, Human, Pair 7 Cytoskeleton/metabolism DNA Restriction Enzymes Genes Humans Kidney/metabolism Liver/metabolism Male Mice Molecular Sequence Data Muscles/metabolism Nucleotide Mapping Organ Specificity RNA, Messenger/genetics Testis/metabolism Transcription, Genetic
Chemicals
Actins RNA, Messenger DNA Restriction Enzymes
Authors & Affiliations
5 authors, click to expand affiliations / ORCID
Erba H P
MEDIGEN Project, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, California.
Eddy R
Shows T
Kedes L
Gunning P
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Article Info
Journal
Molecular and cellular biology
Abbr.
Mol Cell Biol
ISSN
0270-7306
DOI
10.1128/mcb.8.4.1775-1789.1988
Published
1988-04-00
Pages
1775-89
Language
English
Region
United States
NLM ID
8109087
PMCID
PMC363338
Subset
IM
Grants
NIGMS NIH HHS · GM20454 · United States
NICHD NIH HHS · HD05196 · United States
NICHD NIH HHS · HD17031 · United States
Databases
GENBANK
M19283
External Links
PubMed source DOI: 10.1128/mcb.8.4.1775-1789.1988 PMC Full Text View journal details
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