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PMID: 28510588 Published · epublish English Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Evolutionary restoration of fertility in an interspecies hybrid yeast, by whole-genome duplication after a failed mating-type switch.

PLoS biology ·Vol. 15 ·No. 5 ·2017-00-00 ·Pages e2002128

Ortiz-Merino RA, Kuanyshev N, Braun-Galleani S, Byrne KP, Porro D, Branduardi P, Wolfe KH

Abstract

Many interspecies hybrids have been discovered in yeasts, but most of these hybrids are asexual and can replicate only mitotically. Whole-genome duplication has been proposed as a mechanism by which interspecies hybrids can regain fertility, restoring their ability to perform meiosis and sporulate. Here, we show that this process occurred naturally during the evolution of Zygosaccharomyces parabailii, an interspecies hybrid that was formed by mating between 2 parents that differed by 7% in genome sequence and by many interchromosomal rearrangements. Surprisingly, Z. parabailii has a full sexual cycle and is genetically haploid. It goes through mating-type switching and autodiploidization, followed by immediate sporulation. We identified the key evolutionary event that enabled Z. parabailii to regain fertility, which was breakage of 1 of the 2 homeologous copies of the mating-type (MAT) locus in the hybrid, resulting in a chromosomal rearrangement and irreparable damage to 1 MAT locus. This rearrangement was caused by HO endonuclease, which normally functions in mating-type switching. With 1 copy of MAT inactivated, the interspecies hybrid now behaves as a haploid. Our results provide the first demonstration that MAT locus damage is a naturally occurring evolutionary mechanism for whole-genome duplication and restoration of fertility to interspecies hybrids. The events that occurred in Z. parabailii strongly resemble those postulated to have caused ancient whole-genome duplication in an ancestor of Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

MeSH Terms
Biological Evolution Fertility/genetics Gene Duplication Gene Rearrangement Gene Silencing Genes, Mating Type, Fungal/genetics Genome, Fungal Haploidy Hybridization, Genetic Introns Loss of Heterozygosity Zygosaccharomyces/genetics
Authors & Affiliations
7 authors, click to expand affiliations / ORCID
Ortiz-Merino Raúl A
UCD Conway Institute, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
Kuanyshev Nurzhan
Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy.
Braun-Galleani Stephanie
UCD Conway Institute, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
Byrne Kevin P
UCD Conway Institute, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
Porro Danilo
Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy.
Branduardi Paola
Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy.
Wolfe Kenneth H ORCID
UCD Conway Institute, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
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Article Info
Journal
PLoS biology
Abbr.
PLoS Biol
ISSN
1545-7885
DOI
10.1371/journal.pbio.2002128
Published
2017-00-00
Epub
2017-00-16
Pages
e2002128
Language
English
Region
United States
NLM ID
101183755
PMCID
PMC5433688
Subset
IM
External Links
PubMed source DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.2002128 PMC Full Text View journal details
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