Abstract
Alternative splicing of pre-messenger RNA transcripts enables the generation of multiple protein isoforms from the same gene locus, providing a major source of protein diversity in mammalian genomes. RNA binding proteins (RBPs) bind to RNA to control splice site choice and define which exons are included in the resulting mature RNA transcript. However, depending on where the RBPs bind relative to splice sites, they can activate or repress splice site usage. To explore this position-specific regulation, in vivo binding sites identified by methods such as cross-linking and immunoprecipitation (CLIP) are integrated with alternative splicing events identified by RNA-seq or microarray. Merging these data sets enables the generation of a "splicing map," where CLIP signal relative to a merged meta-exon provides a simple summary of the position-specific effect of binding on splicing regulation. Here, we provide RBP-Maps, a software tool to simplify generation of these maps and enable researchers to rapidly query regulatory patterns of an RBP of interest. Further, we discuss various alternative approaches to generate such splicing maps, focusing on how decisions in construction (such as the use of peak versus read density, or whole-reads versus only single-nucleotide candidate crosslink positions) can affect the interpretation of these maps using example eCLIP data from the 150 RBPs profiled by the ENCODE consortium.
Keywords
RNA binding protein
alternative splicing
eCLIP
splicing map
MeSH Terms
Alternative Splicing/genetics
Computational Biology/methods
Gene Expression Regulation/genetics
Humans
Protein Isoforms/genetics
RNA Splice Sites/genetics
RNA, Messenger/genetics
RNA-Binding Proteins/chemistry
Sequence Analysis, RNA
Software
Chemicals
Protein Isoforms
RNA Splice Sites
RNA, Messenger
RNA-Binding Proteins
Authors & Affiliations
5 authors, click to expand affiliations / ORCID
Yee Brian A
Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA. | Institute for Genomic Medicine, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA.
Pratt Gabriel A
Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA. | Institute for Genomic Medicine, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA. | Bioinformatics and Systems Biology Graduate Program, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA.
Graveley Brenton R
Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Institute for Systems Genomics, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut 06030, USA.
Van Nostrand Eric L
Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA. | Institute for Genomic Medicine, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA.
Yeo Gene W
Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA. | Institute for Genomic Medicine, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA. | Bioinformatics and Systems Biology Graduate Program, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA.
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