Abstract
We have constructed a relational data base containing the kinetic properties of the isoenzymes of hexokinase using the Knowledgeman data-base program on an IBM PC microcomputer. The natural subunit of this data base is the refereed publication, 165 of which were included. Reported values for the Mr (approx. 97,000) are in good agreement, but this agreement becomes progressively worse as one examines the Km values for glucose and ATP and the Ki for glucose 6-phosphate, where the reported values are spread over three orders of magnitude. Some quantities are very thinly or unreliably determined. Experimental conditions, especially free Mg2+ concentration, are rarely close to physiological. Reasons for the spread or uncertainty of numbers, and the distinctions that can be made between isoenzymes despite this spread, are discussed.
MeSH Terms
Adenosine Triphosphate/metabolism
Computers
Enzyme Activation/drug effects
Glucose/metabolism
Hexokinase/antagonists & inhibitors,metabolism
Isoenzymes/metabolism
Kinetics
Mannose/metabolism
Microcomputers
Molecular Weight
Substrate Specificity
Chemicals
Isoenzymes
Adenosine Triphosphate
Hexokinase
Glucose
Mannose
Authors & Affiliations
4 authors, click to expand affiliations / ORCID
Garfinkel L
Department of Computer Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia 19104.
Garfinkel D
Matsiras P
Matschinsky B
References (24)
24 references, click to expand
-
The influence of Mg2+-adenine nucleotide ratios and absolute concentration of Mg2+-adenine nucleotide on the observed velocity of some kinase reactions.
FEBS Lett. 1973 Aug 15;34(2):243-6
PMID: 4355909
-
Allosteric activation of brain hexokinase by magnesium ions and by magnesium ion--adenosine triphosphate complex.
Biochem J. 1971 Nov;125(1):249-54
PMID: 5158910
-
Dimerization of brain hexokinase induced by its regulator glucose 6-phosphate.
J Biol Chem. 1974 Sep 25;249(18):5984-8
PMID: 4472062
-
Hexokinase of human erythrocytes. Purification, kinetic model and its application to the conditions in the cell.
Eur J Biochem. 1974 Jun 1;45(1):39-52
PMID: 4421639
-
Studies on the mechanism of orthophosphate regulation of bovine brain hexokinase.
J Biol Chem. 1975 Mar 10;250(5):1864-71
PMID: 1112835
-
Heart hexokinase: quaternary structure changes accompanying the binding of regulatory molecules.
Eur J Biochem. 1975 Oct 1;58(1):231-5
PMID: 1183436
-
Comparison of type I hexokinases from pig heart and kinetic evaluation of the effects of inhibitors.
Biochim Biophys Acta. 1979 Feb 9;566(2):283-95
PMID: 420859
-
Enzyme-catalyzed phosphoryl transfer reactions.
Annu Rev Biochem. 1980;49:877-919
PMID: 6250450
-
Kinetic evidence that the high-affinity glucose 6-phosphate site on hexokinase I is the active site.
Arch Biochem Biophys. 1981 Oct 1;211(1):92-9
PMID: 7305385
-
Stability of hexokinase II in vitro and in ascites tumor cells.
Arch Biochem Biophys. 1982 Feb;213(2):625-34
PMID: 6896129
-
Computer modeling of muscle phosphofructokinase kinetics.
J Theor Biol. 1983 Jul 21;103(2):295-312
PMID: 6225913
-
Mathematical models for ligand-receptor binding. Real sites, ghost sites.
J Biol Chem. 1984 Aug 25;259(16):10060-2
PMID: 6469955
-
Computer modeling identifies glucokinase as glucose sensor of pancreatic beta-cells.
Am J Physiol. 1984 Sep;247(3 Pt 2):R527-36
PMID: 6089596
-
Allosteric inhibition of brain hexokinase by glucose 6-phosphate in the reverse reaction.
Arch Biochem Biophys. 1985 Jun;239(2):315-9
PMID: 4004267
-
Regulation of free and bound magnesium in rat hepatocytes and isolated mitochondria.
J Biol Chem. 1986 Feb 25;261(6):2567-74
PMID: 3081495
-
The kinetics of enzyme-catalyzed reactions with two or more substrates or products. I. Nomenclature and rate equations.
Biochim Biophys Acta. 1963 Jan 8;67:104-37
PMID: 14021667
-
Multiple hexokinases of rat tissues. Purification and comparison of soluble forms.
J Biol Chem. 1966 Aug 10;241(15):3546-60
PMID: 5919684
-
Heart muscle hexokinase: subcellular distribution and inhibition by glucose 6-phosphate.
Mol Pharmacol. 1966 Sep;2(5):393-405
PMID: 5970687
-
Purification and properties of two hexokinases from beef brain.
Arch Biochem Biophys. 1968 Dec;128(3):734-44
PMID: 5704307
-
Studies on the kinetic mechanism and allosteric nature of bovine brain hexokinase.
J Biol Chem. 1969 Jul 25;244(14):3840-6
PMID: 4308737
-
Product inhibition of the hexokinases.
J Biol Chem. 1970 Jan 10;245(1):198-204
PMID: 5460798
-
Kinetic study of yeast hexokinase. Inhibition of the reaction by magnesium and ATP.
Eur J Biochem. 1970 Apr;13(2):347-63
PMID: 5439937
-
Multiple forms of hexokinase. Activities associated with subcellular particulate and soluble fractions of normal and streptozotocin diabetic rat tissues.
J Biol Chem. 1970 Aug 25;245(16):4081-96
PMID: 4099995
-
Metal complex formation and its importance for enzyme regulation.
Acta Biol Med Ger. 1973;31(3):349-64
PMID: 4359667