Chemical and genetic comparison of the glucose and nucleoside transporters.

Glucose and nucleoside uptake into human red cells occurs through protein(s) which copurify in a complex, known as band 4.5 of relative mass (Mr) 66,000 to 50,000. The specific inhibitor of glucose transport, [3H]cytochalasin B, and the specific inhibitor of nucleoside transport, [3H]nitrobenzylthioribofuranosylpurine ([3H]NBMPR), incorporate covalently into component(s) of band 4.5 upon irradiation with ultraviolet light. Both photolabelled components are shown to be glycoproteins, since their migration in sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) is increased after treatment of photolabelled band 4.5 with endoglycosidase F. Peptide maps of the photolabelled components were compared. Red cell membranes were photolabelled with either [3H]cytochalasin B or [3H]NBMPR and subjected to SDS-PAGE. The region containing band 4.5 was cut and transferred to a second SDS-PAGE system and exposed to either papain or Staphylococcus aureus V8 protease. Papain (5 micrograms) completely cleaved band 4.5 and produced fragments of Mr 33,000, 26,000, 21,000, 15,000, and 12,500. Of these, the 21,000 fragment was the most conspicuous and it retained the label of [3H]cytochalasin B; the 33,000 fragment retained the label of [3H]NBMPR. The V8 protease (0.75 microgram) completely cleaved band 4.5 and produced fragments of Mr 35,000, 28,000, 22,000, 16,000, 13,500, and 9,000. The 28,000 fragment retained the label of [3H]cytochalasin B. The label of [3H]NBMPR was distributed along the gel in several regions comprising the 35,000, 28,000, and 16,000 fragments. Longer treatment with the V8 protease did not alter the position of the 28,000 [3H]cytochalasin B labelled peak, but completely abolished the [3H]NBMPR labelled peaks. Genetic segregation of the glucose and nucleoside transporters was determined in a lymphoma cell line. A mutant (14T- g) of S49 cells was selected which had lost the capacity to transport thymidine or to bind NBMPR. Uptake of either 2-deoxyglucose or 3-O-methylglucose, inhibitable by cytochalasin B, was not impaired in this mutant. It is concluded that the nucleoside and glucose transporters are glycoprotein components of band 4.5, which are differentiated by peptide map analysis. Further, a lymphoblast mutant was isolated which had lost the nucleoside transport function but retained the glucose transport function.