A case report of a patient with retinoblastoma and chromosome 13q deletion: assignment of a new gene (gene for LCP1) on human chromosome 13.

Retinoblastoma (Rb) occurs in hereditary, non-hereditary, and chromosomal deletion forms and the locus for the Rb gene (Rb-1) is closely linked to the locus for esterase D (ESD) assigned to the chromosome 13q14.11. We describe a patient who was predicted to have Rb from the genetic analysis of the chromosome and ESD phenotype. Furthermore, the gene for lymphocyte cytosol polypeptide with molecular weight of 64,000 (LCP1: McKusick catalogue No. 15343, 1983) was assigned to chromosome 13 by deletion mapping. A 3-month-old female had many characteristics of chromosome 13q-syndrome, including dolichocephaly, epicanthus, ptosis, depressed nasal bridge, micrognathia, short webbed neck, and short fifth fingers with clinodactyly and single crease. The karyotype of the patient was 46,XX,del(13) (q14.1-q32), though both the parents had normal karyotypes. As expected, the phenotype of ESD derived from one of the parents, the father in this case, was not detected in peripheral blood lymphocytes by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (two-DE), indicating that ESD from the father was deleted in the abnormal chromosome 13. The possibility of paternity was calculated to be 0.996 based on the data using 22 genetic markers. Bilateral retinoblastomas could be diagnosed by ophthalmologic examinations before the manifestation of any clinical signs of the tumor and immediately intensive care was taken. In addition, the phenotype of LCP1 derived from the father was not expressed in the lymphocyte proteins from the patient. These data indicate that the gene for LCP1 (LCP1) is located in the region q14.1-q32 of chromosome 13 and may be a useful genetic marker for preclinical diagnosis of Rb.