Exhaust manifold performance enhancement using nano fluids a design and CFD investigation for four stroke petrol engines.

This paper presents a trivial approach in which the temperature of the exhaust manifold decreases due to the changes in the fuel composition. The authors have defined Nano fluids as a modern class of fluids that consist of suspended solid Nanoparticles in fluids. Also, they have shown that noise reduction is possible with Nano fluids. Using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulation technique, optimal designs are generated and analyzed to assess their ability to withstand different loads. For this particular process, the 4-cylinder engine exhaust manifold having 4 inlet ports and 1 outlet port was selected. This approach makes the design process more efficient and vibrational sources less powerful. Besides, petrol engines using Nano fluids have been reported to perform better. This study is on the performance improvement on exhaust manifolds using Nano fluids in four-stroke petrol engines. Key findings include a 13.5% drop in noise and better thermal management with aluminum oxide Nano fluids. CFD simulation validated these findings, showing a significant reduction in temperature and vibration level. It indicates the potential available from Nano fluids toward increasing engine efficiency and durability against emission. Advanced materials and innovative designs have been incorporated into this study to construct reality in taking these improvement promises closer for future automobile developments.