Screening and investigating the regulatory mechanisms of oxidative stress-related biomarkers in thoracic aortic aneurysms.

Excess reactive oxygen species leading to oxidative stress has been identified as a significant factor in cardiovascular disease. However, the molecular mechanisms of oxidative stress-related genes in thoracic aortic aneurysm have not been thoroughly explored. An analysis of the GSE9106 dataset, using a geneset related to oxidative stress, revealed important links to purine metabolism pathways through functional enrichment analysis. A systematic investigation identified seven candidate genes, resulting in the identification of four potential biomarkers (IL10, SNCA, MAP1LC3A, and EPX) that show strong diagnostic promise for thoracic aortic aneurysm. These biomarkers were associated with critical pathways, including neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction and olfactory transduction. Correlation analysis also highlighted their relationships with specific immune cell types. The study not only examined biomarker-drug interactions but also performed experimental validations using qRT-PCR and immunohistochemistry. While the expression patterns of IL10 aligned with existing databases, some inconsistencies were observed in the validation of the other three biomarkers. Overall, these findings provide important insights into the diagnosis and treatment of thoracic aortic aneurysm, underscoring the significant role of oxidative stress-related biomarkers in this condition.