Construction of a Prognostic Model Based on Insulin Resistance-Related Genes to Predict TACE Response and Identification of PD-98059 as a Potential Therapeutic Agent.

Transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) is the primary treatment for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Given the poor prognosis of liver cancer patients with diabetes, identifying indicators of response to TACE and methods to reverse non-response is crucial. Patients were classified as TACE-responsive or non-responsive in the GSE104580 dataset. We conducted Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis to identify the differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were performed on genes in the insulin resistance signaling pathway to screen for those associated with poor prognosis in TACE. We developed a polygenic signature in GSE14520 using LASSO Cox regression, conducted molecular docking of four genes with drugs, and validated the results using drug sensitivity tests. The Connectivity Map (CMap) database was used to identify potential drugs for reversing TACE. We constructed a prognostic signature consisting of four genes (DUSP9, ENO2, NTS, and SERPINE1) and validated it using drug-sensitivity tests. Classifying TACE-treated patients into high- and low-risk groups using risk scores revealed that the high-risk group had significantly lower overall survival than the low-risk group. In patients undergoing TACE, the risk score independently predicted overall survival. Using the CMap database, we speculated that PD-98059 is a potential drug for reversing TACE unresponsiveness. We detected the docking sites of PD-98059 in four genes. Cell experiments confirmed that PD-98059 synergistically enhanced the inhibitory effect of lobaplatin on HCC cell proliferation. The insulin resistance model tailored for TACE effectively predicts patient prognosis. Via the effect of MEK inhibitor PD-98059, the efficacy of TACE in patients can be improved.