Synopsis of the Indian and Sri Lankan Trichopolydesmidae Verhoeff, 1910 (Diplopoda: Polydesmida: Trichopolydesmoidea), with the description of two new epigean species from India.

The currently known Indian and Sri Lankan Trichopolydesmidae are reviewed, based both on literature sources and type material. All of the species are diagnosed and illustrated. The Sri Lankan genus Lankadesmus Carl, 1932 is resurrected from its synonymy with Nasodesmus Cook, 1896, with Lankadesmuscarlisp. nov. renamed and designated as its type species, formerly misidentified as Polydesmus cognatus Humbert, 1865. The subspecies Pseudosphaeropariapalnensis spp. soror Carl, 1932 is elevated to full species, P. sororstat. nov., whereas the species P. cavernicola Turk, 1945 is considered as a species inquirendum because its male features remain unknown. The collecting localities of Assamodesmuslindbergi Manfredi, 1954 and P. cavernicola are corrected. Two new epigean species are diagnosed and described from India: Pseudosphaeroparia planasp. nov. and Sholaphilus spinus sp. nov.. All genera of Trichopolydesmidae presently known from India and Sri Lanka, as well as all species of Pseudosphaeroparia Carl, 1932 are keyed, and their current distribution is mapped.