The effect of tRNA concentration on the rate of protein synthesis.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America ·Vol. 62 ·No. 2 ·1969-02-00 ·Pages 566-73

Anderson WF

Abstract

Two in vitro protein-synthesizing systems derived from E. coli have been utilized to demonstrate that the concentration of a tRNA species can regulate the rate of translation of a messenger RNA. (a) The rate of poly-U-directed C(14)-phenylalanine incorporation into protein is stimulated by concentrations of tRNA(Phe) from 1.5 x 10(-8) M to 3.0 x 10(-6) M, the latter representing a tRNA(Phe)/70S ribosome ratio of 7. (b) The rate of translation of poly A,G in a S-30 protein-synthesizing system derived from E. coli is limited by the amount of tRNA(Arg) recognizing the codewords AGA and AGG present in the extract. Polypeptide synthesis can be stimulated in direct proportion to the amount of this tRNA(Arg) species added to the reaction mixture. A mechanism for regulating the rate of protein synthesis at the translational level may be the slowing of polypeptide chain propagation at certain codons due to the presence of rate-limiting tRNA species.

MeSH Terms

Arginine/metabolism Bacterial Proteins/biosynthesis Carbon Isotopes Chromatography Escherichia coli/metabolism Genetic Code Phenylalanine/metabolism RNA, Bacterial/pharmacology RNA, Transfer/pharmacology

Chemicals

Bacterial Proteins Carbon Isotopes RNA, Bacterial Phenylalanine RNA, Transfer Arginine

Authors & Affiliations

1 authors, click to expand affiliations / ORCID

Anderson W F

References (25)

25 references, click to expand

Separation of transfer ribonucleic acids by reverse phase chromatography.
J Biol Chem. 1965 Oct;240(10):3979-83 PMID: 5320645
Direction of reading of the genetic message.
J Biol Chem. 1965 Oct;240(10):3988-95 PMID: 5320647
RNA codewords and protein synthesis, 8. Nucleotide sequences of synonym codons for arginine, valine, cysteine, and alanine.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1965 Sep;54(3):954-60 PMID: 5324401
RNA codons and protein synthesis. IX. Synonym codon recognition by multiple species of valine-, alanine-, and methionine-sRNA.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1966 Apr;55(4):912-9 PMID: 5327071
Ribonucleic acid composition of bacteria as a function of growth rate.
J Mol Biol. 1966 Jul;18(2):308-20 PMID: 5338757
Specificity of sRNA for recognition of codons as studied by the ribosomal binding technique.
J Mol Biol. 1966 Aug;19(2):556-73 PMID: 5338858
Similarities and differences among specific tRNA's in mammalian tissues.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1967 Jun;57(6):1712-9 PMID: 5231406
The separation of soluble ribonucleic acids on benzoylated diethylaminoethylcellulose.
Biochemistry. 1967 Oct;6(10):3043-56 PMID: 6056973
Erythrocyte transfer RNA: change during chick development.
Science. 1967 Dec 8;158(3806):1330-2 PMID: 6058008
A new chromatographic system for increased resolution of transfer ribonucleic acids.
Biochemistry. 1967 Aug;6(8):2507-13 PMID: 4862273
Patterns of transfer RNA in normal rat liver and during hepatic carcinogenesis.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1967 Sep;58(3):1255-60 PMID: 5234602
The RNA code and protein synthesis.
Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol. 1966;31:11-24 PMID: 5237186
Pattern of valine transfer ribonucleic acid of Bacillus subtilis under different growth conditions.
J Biol Chem. 1968 Mar 10;243(5):945-51 PMID: 4966662
Modification in transfer RNA during the differentiation of wheat seedlings.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1968 Feb;59(2):453-8 PMID: 5238976
Isoaccepting +RNA's in mouse plasma cell tumors that synthesize different myeloma protein.
Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1968 May 23;31(4):534-9 PMID: 4172915
Multiple isoaccepting transfer RNA's in a muouse plasma cell tumor.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1968 Jan;59(1):208-15 PMID: 5242124
Transfer ribonucleic acids in Escherichia coli. Multiplicity and variation.
Biochemistry. 1968 Aug;7(8):2799-808 PMID: 4299084
RNA codons and protein synthesis. 15. Dissimilar responses of mammalian and bacterial transfer RNA fractions to messenger RNA codons.
J Mol Biol. 1968 Oct 14;37(1):99-118 PMID: 4939041
The dependence of reactions catalyzed by polynucleotide phosphorylase on oligonucleotides.
J Biol Chem. 1962 Jan;237:182-9 PMID: 13913299
Synthetic polynucleotides and the amino acid code. VII.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1962 Dec 15;48:2087-94 PMID: 13946552
Polypeptide synthesis in Escherichia coli. II. The polypeptide chain and S-RNA.
J Mol Biol. 1963 May;6:389-403 PMID: 13947831
THE OPERON: ON ITS THIRD ANNIVERSARY. MODULATION OF TRANSFER RNA SPECIES CAN PROVIDE A WORKABLE MODEL OF AN OPERATOR-LESS OPERON.
Science. 1964 May 15;144(3620):816-20 PMID: 14149392
RNA CODEWORDS AND PROTEIN SYNTHESIS. THE EFFECT OF TRINUCLEOTIDES UPON THE BINDING OF SRNA TO RIBOSOMES.
Science. 1964 Sep 25;145(3639):1399-407 PMID: 14172630
A SPECIFIC MODIFICATION OF LEUCYL-SRNA OF ESCHERICHIA COLI AFTER PHAGE T2 INFECTION.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1964 Dec;52:1535-40 PMID: 14243529
THE CHARACTERIZATION OF A NEW SPECIES OF LEUCYL-SRNA FORMED DURING METHIONINE DEPRIVATION OF ESCHERICHIA COLI WITH RELAXED CONTROL.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1965 Mar;53:549-56 PMID: 14338234

Article Info

Journal

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

Abbr.

Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A

ISSN

0027-8424

DOI

10.1073/pnas.62.2.566

Published

1969-02-00

Pages

566-73

Language

English

Region

United States

NLM ID

7505876

PMCID

PMC277843

Subset

External Links

PubMed source DOI: 10.1073/pnas.62.2.566 PMC Full Text View journal details

Analysis Services

The effect of tRNA concentration on the rate of protein synthesis.

Contact

WeChat Official Account