Home LiteratureArticle Details
PMID: 5357021 Published · ppublish English Journal Article

Cytoplasmic effects of cortisol in liver.

The Biochemical journal ·Vol. 115 ·No. 4 ·1969-12-00 ·Pages 777-87

Cox RF, Mathias AP

Abstract

1. The time-course of the induction by cortisol of tryptophan pyrrolase in mouse liver was established. 2. The kinetics of labelling of mouse liver polyribosomes and the distribution of radioactivity in the various sizes of polyribosomes were investigated. It is concluded that the major part of the messenger RNA is monocistronic. 3. Cortisol administered to adrenalectomized mice stimulates in parallel the ability of ribosomes and polyribosomes, both free and bound, to incorporate amino acids into protein. 4. This stimulation does not appear to affect in a selective manner particular regions of the gradients of polyribosomes. 5. Administration of cortisol enhances the ability of the denser fraction of the rough microsomes to incorporate labelled amino acids. Adrenalectomy has minor effects on the pool sizes and specific radioactivities of liver amino acids which are counteracted by the hormone. However, these appear insufficient to influence the changes observed. 6. Adrenalectomy causes an increase in the percentage of ribosomes existing as polyribosomes and a fall in the proportion bound to the membrane of the endoplasmic reticulum. After treatment of these animals with cortisol there is a marked increase in the proportion of bound ribosomes. 7. The influence of cortisol on the membranous components of liver cytoplasm is discussed.

MeSH Terms
Adrenalectomy Amino Acids/metabolism Animals Centrifugation, Density Gradient Cytoplasm/drug effects Endoplasmic Reticulum Enzyme Induction Hydrocortisone/pharmacology Liver/drug effects Male Mice Microsomes, Liver/metabolism Protein Biosynthesis RNA, Messenger/metabolism Ribosomes/metabolism Tryptophan Oxygenase/biosynthesis
Chemicals
Amino Acids RNA, Messenger Tryptophan Oxygenase Hydrocortisone
Authors & Affiliations
2 authors, click to expand affiliations / ORCID
Cox R F
Mathias A P
References (51)
51 references, click to expand
  1. Studies on the mechanism of hormone induction of alkaline phosphatase in human cell cultures, II. Rate of enzyme synthesis and properties of base level and induced enzymes.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1966 Sep;56(3):946-53 PMID: 5230189
  2. In vivo labeling patterns of free polyribosomes: relationship to tape theory of messenger ribonucleic acid function.
    J Mol Biol. 1967 Jun 14;26(2):211-25 PMID: 6034773
  3. Translational control of gene expression.
    Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol. 1966;31:321-33 PMID: 5237193
  4. Polyribosomes in rat tissues. II. The polyribosome distribution in the minimal deviation hepatomas.
    Cancer Res. 1965 Sep;25(8):1219-24 PMID: 4284586
  5. A microsomal iron-porphyrin activator of rat liver tryptophan pyrrolase.
    J Biol Chem. 1961 Jan;236:153-7 PMID: 13698617
  6. Actinomycin D and Hydrocortisone: intracellular binding in rat liver.
    Science. 1965 Sep 10;149(3689):1251-4 PMID: 5827723
  7. The isolation of microsomal membranes.
    Biochem Soc Symp. 1963;22:4-31 PMID: 13975385
  8. Phospholipids in hepatic microsomal membranes during development.
    Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1965 Jul 12;20(2):142-8 PMID: 5850678
  9. On the attachment of ribosomes to microsomal membranes.
    J Mol Biol. 1966 Aug;19(2):503-24 PMID: 4961331
  10. Studies on the physiology of rat liver polyribosomes: quantition and intracellular distribution of ribosomes.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1965 Aug;54(2):600-7 PMID: 5217447
  11. Studies on the mechanism of carbohydrate repression in rat liver.
    Adv Enzyme Regul. 1966;4:199-217 PMID: 4862940
  12. The changes in the state of rat liver chromatin under hydrocortisone induction.
    Biochim Biophys Acta. 1969 Feb 18;174(2):755-7 PMID: 5776196
  13. Early effects of hydrocortisone on rapidly labelled rat liver ribonucleic acids.
    Nature. 1967 Feb 25;213(5078):807-9 PMID: 6031810
  14. [A simple technic for extremely rapid freezing of large pieces of tissue].
    Pflugers Arch Gesamte Physiol Menschen Tiere. 1960;270:399-412 PMID: 13845757
  15. Mammary alveolar epithelial cells: effect of hydrocortisone on ultrastructure.
    Science. 1969 Sep 12;165(3898):1127-8 PMID: 5801592
  16. "Superinduction" of tyrosine transaminase in hepatoma cell cultures: differential inhibition of synthesis and turnover by actionomycin D.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1968 Sep;61(1):200-6 PMID: 4386986
  17. The formation, distribution and function of ribosomes and microsomal membranes during induced amphibian metamorphosis.
    Biochem J. 1967 Nov;105(2):783-801 PMID: 5584018
  18. HYDROCORTISONE-STIMULATED SYNTHESIS OF NUCLEAR RNA IN ENZYME INDUCTION.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1963 Sep;50:493-9 PMID: 14067095
  19. Ribonucleic acid synthesis during the early action of thyroid hormones.
    Biochem J. 1966 Feb;98(2):604-20 PMID: 5941352
  20. The role of the adrenal gland in the control of amino acid incorporation into protein of isolated rat liver microsomes.
    J Endocrinol. 1960 Nov;21:177-89 PMID: 13753201
  21. Hormones and the synthesis and utilization of ribonucleic acids.
    Prog Nucleic Acid Res Mol Biol. 1966;5:191-250 PMID: 5337696
  22. APPARATUS FOR THE AUTOMATIC LOCATION OF ABSORBING COMPONENTS SEPARATED BY DENSITY GRADIENT CENTRIFUGATION.
    Nature. 1963 Aug 10;199:603-4 PMID: 14072015
  23. The independence of hydrocortisone and tryptophan inductions of tryptophan pyrrolase.
    J Biol Chem. 1959 Jul;234(7):1787-90 PMID: 13672965
  24. Effect of hydrocortisone and insulin on uptake of alpha-aminoisobutyric acid by isolated perfused rat liver.
    Mol Pharmacol. 1965 Jul;1(1):66-76 PMID: 5835080
  25. Early changes in liver cytoplasmic RNA of hydrocortisone-treated rats.
    Mol Pharmacol. 1966 May;2(3):221-6 PMID: 5962066
  26. An analysis of the kinetics of rat liver tryptophan pyrrolase induction: the significance of both enzyme synthesis and degradation.
    Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1964 Mar 26;15(3):214-9 PMID: 5835384
  27. Characterization of a new low molecular weight RNA in HeLa cell ribosomes.
    J Mol Biol. 1968 May 14;33(3):609-23 PMID: 5700415
  28. ANALYTICAL ULTRACENTRIFUGATION OF T4R BACTERIOPHAGE DNA IN PREFORMED SUCROSE DENSITY GRADIENTS.
    Biochemistry. 1963 Nov-Dec;2:1206-11 PMID: 14093889
  29. Turnover of rat liver tyrosine transaminase: stabilization after inhibition of protein synthesis.
    Science. 1967 Apr 28;156(3774):525-8 PMID: 4381474
  30. PUROMYCIN-INDUCED GLYCOGENOLYSIS AS AN EVEN INDEPENDENT FROM INHIBITED PROTEIN SYNTHESIS IN MOUSE LIVER; EFFECTS OF PUROMYCIN ANALOGS.
    Arch Biochem Biophys. 1963 Dec;103:338-44 PMID: 14099544
  31. The regulation of tryptophan pyrrolase activity by tryptophan.
    Adv Enzyme Regul. 1966;4:287-97 PMID: 4862944
  32. Rat liver and hepatoma polysome-membrane interaction in vitro.
    Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1966 May 3;23(3):299-304 PMID: 4289728
  33. Alterations in the nature of ribonucleic acid synthesized in rat liver during regeneration and after cortisol administration.
    J Biol Chem. 1967 Mar 10;242(5):801-8 PMID: 6020435
  34. THE ROLES OF SYNTHESIS AND DEGRADATION IN THE CONTROL OF RAT LIVER TRYPTOPHAN PYRROLASE.
    J Biol Chem. 1965 Jan;240:322-31 PMID: 14253432
  35. Polyribosomes in rat-liver preparations.
    Biochem J. 1966 Feb;98(2):513-21 PMID: 5941345
  36. The determination of nucleic acids.
    Methods Biochem Anal. 1966;14:113-76 PMID: 5328501
  37. Stimulation of ribonucleic acid synthesis by steroid hormones. II. High molecular weight components.
    J Biol Chem. 1965 Nov;240(11):4420-6 PMID: 5891828
  38. Hormonal regulation of growth and protein synthesis.
    Nature. 1968 Jul 27;219(5152):331-7 PMID: 4873862
  39. Microsome-specific stimulation by phenobarbital of amino acid incorporation in vivo.
    Biochem Pharmacol. 1965 Jul;14(7):1164-6 PMID: 5854742
  40. EFFECT OF HYDROCORTISONE ON AMINO ACID INCORPORATION BY MICROSOMES ISOLATED FROM MOUSE LYMPHOMA ML-388 CELLS AND RAT THYMUS.
    Biochem Pharmacol. 1964 Oct;13:1369-76 PMID: 14222186
  41. The effects of aflatoxin B(1) and steroid hormones on polysome binding to microsomal membranes as measured by the activity of an enzyme catalysing disulphide interchange.
    FEBS Lett. 1969 Jul;4(2):103-107 PMID: 11947157
  42. The control of protein biosynthesis.
    Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc. 1966 Nov;41(4):503-60 PMID: 4859811
  43. The action of hydrocortisone on collagen formation with special reference to its action on ribosomal aggregation.
    Biochim Biophys Acta. 1967 Mar 29;138(1):189-92 PMID: 6048282
  44. Isolation and properties of polyribosomes and fragments of the endoplasmic reticulum from rat liver.
    Biochem J. 1967 Apr;103(1):177-82 PMID: 6033756
  45. Studies on the role of ribosomes in the regulation of protein synthesis in hypophysectomized and thyroidectomized rats.
    J Biol Chem. 1967 Feb 25;242(4):650-6 PMID: 6017733
  46. Studies on the nature and specificity of the induction of several adaptive enzymes responsive to cortisol.
    Adv Enzyme Regul. 1964;2:115-35 PMID: 5863082
  47. Inhibition by actinomycin D of the induction of tryptophan pyrrolase by hydrocortisone.
    Biochim Biophys Acta. 1967 Mar 29;138(1):169-74 PMID: 6048280
  48. Phenobarbital-induced synthesis of the microsomal drug-metabolizing enzyme system and its relationship to the proliferation of endoplasmic membranes. A morphological and biochemical study.
    J Cell Biol. 1965 Jun;25(3):627-39 PMID: 4378769
  49. ROLE OF ENZYMES IN HOMEOSTASIS. VII. EARLY EFFECTS OF CORTICOSTEROID HORMONES ON HEPATIC GLUCONEOGENIC ENZYMES, RIBONUCLEIC ACID METABOLISM, AND AMINO ACID LEVEL.
    J Biol Chem. 1965 Feb;240:750-6 PMID: 14275131
  50. PREPARATION OF RAT-LIVER POLYSOMES WITHOUT THE UTILIZATION OF DETERGENT.
    Biochim Biophys Acta. 1964 May 18;87:177-80 PMID: 14171039
  51. THE OPERON: ON ITS THIRD ANNIVERSARY. MODULATION OF TRANSFER RNA SPECIES CAN PROVIDE A WORKABLE MODEL OF AN OPERATOR-LESS OPERON.
    Science. 1964 May 15;144(3620):816-20 PMID: 14149392
Article Info
Journal
The Biochemical journal
Abbr.
Biochem J
ISSN
0264-6021
DOI
10.1042/bj1150777
Published
1969-12-00
Pages
777-87
Language
English
Region
England
NLM ID
2984726R
PMCID
PMC1185206
Subset
IM
External Links
PubMed source DOI: 10.1042/bj1150777 PMC Full Text View journal details
Analysis Services
Analysis Services

Contact

No. 2 Wenbo Road, Zhangqiu District, Jinan, Shandong

Qilu Normal University · Genelibs Bioinformatics Lab

750 Shunhua Rd, Jinan

2F, Bldg F, University Science Park

Tel: 0531-88819269

WeChat Official Account

Follow our WeChat subscription account for real-time updates and the latest in medical and biological research.


Business Email

E-mail: [email protected]

Copyright © 2026.Genelibs Jinan Honghui Biotechnology Co., Ltd. 鲁ICP备20007159号-2