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PMID: 6148413 Published · ppublish English Journal Article

A cholinergic link in the reflex release of vasopressin by hypotension in the rat.

The Journal of physiology ·Vol. 354 ·1984-09-00 ·Pages 523-45

Bisset GW, Chowdrey HS

Abstract

Inhalation of amyl nitrite in the water-loaded rat under ethanol anaesthesia produced a brief fall of blood pressure followed by a prolonged antidiuretic response. The antidiuretic response to amyl nitrite was accompanied by increased urinary excretion of vasopressin, it was blocked by a specific vasopressin antagonist and by a barbiturate and it was absent in the Brattleboro rat with congenital diabetes insipidus. These results show that the antidiuretic response to the hypotension induced by amyl nitrite is due to the release of vasopressin and that this release is mediated by a neuroendocrine reflex acting through the brain stem. Carbachol and nicotine produced an antidiuretic response on injection into a lateral cerebral ventricle (i. vent.). Carbachol was almost ineffective, but nicotine much more effective, when injected into the cisterna magna (i.cist.) from which in the rat there is no access to the ventricles. Carbachol therefore acts at a site reached from the ventricles, possibly the paraventricular nucleus. Nicotine acts at a more distal site reached from the subarachnoid space. This site may correspond with the nicotine-sensitive area on the ventral surface of the brain stem which has been described in the cat. Atropine blocked the antidiuretic response to carbachol but not that to amyl nitrite. Hexamethonium blocked the antidiuretic response to amyl nitrite as well as that to nicotine and was more effective on i.cist. than i.vent. injection. These results reveal a cholinergic link with a nicotinic but not a muscarinic receptor in the neural pathways controlling the release of vasopressin in response to hypotension. A hypothetical model is presented in which the release of vasopressin is stimulated by a pathway arising from chemoreceptors and inhibited by a second pathway arising from stretch- and baroreceptors. Hypotension acts by suppressing the normally predominant inhibitory pathway and stimulating the excitatory pathway. Hexamethonium is presumed to block transmission at a synapse in the excitatory pathway at the ventral surface or, less probably, at the paraventricular and supraoptic nuclei.

MeSH Terms
Amyl Nitrite/pharmacology Animals Blood Pressure/drug effects Cerebral Ventricles/drug effects,physiology Cisterna Magna/drug effects,physiology Diuresis/drug effects Male Parasympatholytics/pharmacology Parasympathomimetics/pharmacology Rats Rats, Inbred Strains Receptors, Cholinergic/physiology Receptors, Nicotinic/physiology Reflex/physiology Vasopressins/metabolism,urine Water
Chemicals
Parasympatholytics Parasympathomimetics Receptors, Cholinergic Receptors, Nicotinic Water Vasopressins Amyl Nitrite
Authors & Affiliations
2 authors, click to expand affiliations / ORCID
Bisset G W
Chowdrey H S
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Article Info
Journal
The Journal of physiology
Abbr.
J Physiol
ISSN
0022-3751
DOI
10.1113/jphysiol.1984.sp015391
Published
1984-09-00
Pages
523-45
Language
English
Region
England
NLM ID
0266262
PMCID
PMC1193427
Subset
IM
External Links
PubMed source DOI: 10.1113/jphysiol.1984.sp015391 PMC Full Text View journal details
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