A specific uncoupler-binding protein in Tetrahymena pyriformis and Paracoccus denitrificans.

The uncoupler of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation, 2-nitro-4-azido-carbonylcyanide phenylhydrazone (N3CCP) which is capable of photoaffinity labeling has been used to examine the effect of uncouplers on the energy conserving membrane of Paracoccus denitrificans and Tetrahymena pyriformis. The N3CCP uncouples respiration in P. denitrificans and T. pyriformis cells with U1/2 values of 1.05 microM and 0.24 microM, respectively. Binding studies show the presence of 0.65 +/- 0.05 high affinity sites per cytochrome alpha with Kd of 0.5 +/- 0.1 microM in P. denitrificans membranes and 1.4 +/- 0.2 sites per cytochrome alpha 2 with a Kd of 0.4 +/- 0.1 microM in T. pyriformis membranes. Irradiation of [3H]-N3CCP bound to the membranes leads to a covalent linking of the radioactive uncoupler to a peptide of 10--15 kdaltons as analyzed by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. It is concluded that these two microbial systems contain a specific high affinity uncoupler binding site very similar to that of mammalian mitochondria (Katre, N.V. and Wilson, D.F. (1978) Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 191, 647--656).