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PMID: 6369319 Published · ppublish English Journal Article Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.

AppppA, heat-shock stress, and cell oxidation.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America ·Vol. 80 ·No. 24 ·1983-12-00 ·Pages 7496-500

Lee PC, Bochner BR, Ames BN

Abstract

Salmonella typhimurium LT2 induces a set of heat-shock proteins analogous to those found previously in Escherichia coli. These are virtually the only proteins synthesized after a temperature shift from 28 degrees C to 50 degrees C. Using a two-dimensional thin-layer chromatographic system developed to resolve adenylylated nucleotides, we have found that S. typhimurium and E. coli accumulate P1,P4-diadenosine-5'-tetraphosphate (AppppA), P1-(adenosine-5')-P3-(guanosine-3'-diphosphate-5')-triphosphate (ApppGpp), P1-(adenosine-5')-P4-(guanosine-5')-tetraphosphate (AppppG), P1-(adenosine-5')-P3-(guanosine-5')-triphosphate (ApppG), and P1,P3-diadenosine-5'-triphosphate (ApppA) after heat shock. These same adenylylated nucleotides accumulate after exposure to ethanol, an agent also known to induce the heat-shock response in a variety of cells. AppppA, ApppGpp, AppppG, ApppG, and ApppA were previously shown to accumulate under conditions of oxidation stress. We proposed that these adenylylated nucleotides may be alarmones--i.e., regulatory molecules, alerting cells to the onset of oxidation stress. The finding that these dinucleotides accumulate in response to heat shock suggests that oxidation and heat shock have a common physiological effect on cells. We hypothesize that these dinucleotides signal the onset of these stresses and trigger the "heat-shock response."

MeSH Terms
Adenine Nucleotides/metabolism Dinucleoside Phosphates Escherichia coli/metabolism Ethanol/pharmacology Heat-Shock Proteins/genetics,metabolism Hot Temperature Kinetics Oxidation-Reduction Salmonella typhimurium/drug effects,metabolism
Chemicals
Adenine Nucleotides Dinucleoside Phosphates Heat-Shock Proteins Ethanol diadenosine tetraphosphate
Authors & Affiliations
3 authors, click to expand affiliations / ORCID
Lee P C
Bochner B R
Ames B N
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Article Info
Journal
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Abbr.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
ISSN
0027-8424
DOI
10.1073/pnas.80.24.7496
Published
1983-12-00
Pages
7496-500
Language
English
Region
United States
NLM ID
7505876
PMCID
PMC389978
Subset
IM
Grants
NIEHS NIH HHS · ES01896 · United States
NIGMS NIH HHS · GM19993 · United States
External Links
PubMed source DOI: 10.1073/pnas.80.24.7496 PMC Full Text View journal details
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