Identification of enterotoxigenic staphylococci from sheep and sheep cheese.

The total of 127 Staphylococcus aureus strains obtained from sheep and sheep cheese were examined for their biochemical activities, biotypes, phage patterns, and ability to produce enterotoxins. Of the 83 staphylococcal strains isolated from animals 77 (93%) were classified as the C biotype. Of this group of sheep-adapted strains, 61 (79%) were sensitive to phage 78, and 46 (60%) produced enterotoxin C exclusively. The three isolated belonging to the A biotype produced enterotoxin D, and two of the three unclassifiable strains produced enterotoxin A. Of the 44 staphylococcal strains isolated from sheep cheese, there were 37 (84%) identified as the C biotype. From this series, 31 (84%) strains were lysed with phage 78, 6 (16%) strains produced enterotoxin C, and 1 strain produced enterotoxin A. One of the six strains determined as the A biotype produced enterotoxin D. C biotype strains, especially of ovine origin, are an exception among animal staphylococci, because a large number of them are enterotoixgenic. The C antigenic type is the most usual of the known enterotoxins in staphylococci of animal provenance.