Home LiteratureArticle Details
PMID: 8246964 Published · ppublish English Journal Article Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.

Properties of initiator-associated transcription mediated by GAL4-VP16.

Molecular and cellular biology ·Vol. 13 ·No. 12 ·1993-12-00 ·Pages 7469-75

Chang C, Gralla JD

Abstract

Transcription associated with a terminal deoxynucleotide transferase gene initiator element is shown to respond to the transcription factor GAL4-VP16 both in vivo and in vitro. High-level transcription requires both an intact initiator element and bound activator. Transcription from this initiator-directed promoter is synergistic in vivo in that five GAL4 DNA binding sites yield 36 times the expression of a single site. Promoters dominated by initiator and TATA elements respond similarly to several GAL4-based activators, including GAL4-Sp1, GAL4-CTF, GAL4(1-147), GAL4-p53, GAL4-C/EBP, and GAL4-ER(EF), as well as GAL4-VP16 and Sp1. These and other similarities suggest that primary activation of TATA- and initiator-dominated promoters occurs at common steps. Since the initial assembly steps do not appear to be common for the two promoter types, the results place interesting constraints on models for how activation occurs.

Related Genes
TdT
MeSH Terms
Animals Base Sequence Cell Line DNA Nucleotidylexotransferase/genetics DNA, Fungal/genetics Fungal Proteins/genetics Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal Genes, Fungal Molecular Sequence Data Promoter Regions, Genetic Saccharomyces cerevisiae/genetics Trans-Activators/genetics Transcription, Genetic
Chemicals
DNA, Fungal Fungal Proteins Gal-VP16 Trans-Activators DNA Nucleotidylexotransferase
Authors & Affiliations
2 authors, click to expand affiliations / ORCID
Chang C
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles 90024-1569.
Gralla J D
References (40)
40 references, click to expand
  1. Eukaryotic gene transcription with purified components.
    Methods Enzymol. 1983;101:582-98 PMID: 6888276
  2. The acidic transcriptional activator GAL-VP16 acts on preformed template-committed complexes.
    EMBO J. 1992 Jun;11(6):2229-40 PMID: 1376247
  3. Each of three "TATA elements" specifies a subset of the transcription initiation sites at the CYC-1 promoter of Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1985 Dec;82(24):8562-6 PMID: 3001709
  4. Yeast mRNA initiation sites are determined primarily by specific sequences, not by the distance from the TATA element.
    EMBO J. 1985 Dec 1;4(12):3273-80 PMID: 3912167
  5. Transcription initiation of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae iso-1-cytochrome c gene. Multiple, independent T-A-T-A sequences.
    J Mol Biol. 1986 Feb 5;187(3):363-78 PMID: 3009831
  6. The yeast PHO5 promoter: phosphate-control elements and sequences mediating mRNA start-site selection.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1987 Mar;84(5):1340-4 PMID: 2881299
  7. Five intermediate complexes in transcription initiation by RNA polymerase II.
    Cell. 1989 Feb 24;56(4):549-61 PMID: 2917366
  8. The "initiator" as a transcription control element.
    Cell. 1989 Apr 7;57(1):103-13 PMID: 2467742
  9. How different eukaryotic transcriptional activators can cooperate promiscuously.
    Nature. 1990 May 24;345(6273):359-61 PMID: 2188137
  10. A mechanism for synergistic activation of a mammalian gene by GAL4 derivatives.
    Nature. 1990 May 24;345(6273):361-4 PMID: 2160609
  11. Transcriptional activation by Sp1 as directed through TATA or initiator: specific requirement for mammalian transcription factor IID.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Jun;87(12):4509-13 PMID: 2141169
  12. Direct and selective binding of an acidic transcriptional activation domain to the TATA-box factor TFIID.
    Nature. 1990 Jun 28;345(6278):783-6 PMID: 2193231
  13. Selective inhibition of activated but not basal transcription by the acidic activation domain of VP16: evidence for transcriptional adaptors.
    Cell. 1990 Jun 29;61(7):1199-208 PMID: 2163758
  14. A novel mediator between activator proteins and the RNA polymerase II transcription apparatus.
    Cell. 1990 Jun 29;61(7):1209-15 PMID: 2163759
  15. Reduced binding of TFIID to transcriptionally compromised mutants of VP16.
    Nature. 1991 Jun 13;351(6327):588-90 PMID: 1646402
  16. Differential ability of proximal and remote element pairs to cooperate in activating RNA polymerase II transcription.
    Mol Cell Biol. 1991 Sep;11(9):4561-71 PMID: 1875939
  17. Evidence for a factor required for transcriptional stimulation by the chimeric acidic activator GAL-VP16 in HeLa cell extracts.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1991 Sep 1;88(17):7674-8 PMID: 1881909
  18. The initiator directs the assembly of a transcription factor IID-dependent transcription complex.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1991 Sep 15;88(18):8052-6 PMID: 1896450
  19. Binding of general transcription factor TFIIB to an acidic activating region.
    Nature. 1991 Oct 10;353(6344):569-71 PMID: 1922364
  20. Transcription from a TATA-less promoter requires a multisubunit TFIID complex.
    Genes Dev. 1991 Nov;5(11):1935-45 PMID: 1657708
  21. The small subunit of transcription factor IIF recruits RNA polymerase II into the preinitiation complex.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1991 Nov 15;88(22):9999-10003 PMID: 1946469
  22. YY1 is an initiator sequence-binding protein that directs and activates transcription in vitro.
    Nature. 1991 Nov 21;354(6350):241-5 PMID: 1720509
  23. Roles of TATA and initiator elements in determining the start site location and direction of RNA polymerase II transcription.
    J Biol Chem. 1992 Jan 15;267(2):1391-402 PMID: 1730658
  24. Functional binding of the "TATA" box binding component of transcription factor TFIID to the -30 region of TATA-less promoters.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1992 Jul 1;89(13):5814-8 PMID: 1321424
  25. The acidic activator GAL4-AH can stimulate polymerase II transcription by promoting assembly of a closed complex requiring TFIID and TFIIA.
    Genes Dev. 1992 Sep;6(9):1716-27 PMID: 1516830
  26. Holo-TFIID supports transcriptional stimulation by diverse activators and from a TATA-less promoter.
    Genes Dev. 1992 Oct;6(10):1964-74 PMID: 1398073
  27. Transcription by RNA polymerase II: initiator-directed formation of transcription-competent complexes.
    FASEB J. 1992 Nov;6(14):3300-9 PMID: 1426767
  28. Different activation domains stimulate transcription from remote ('enhancer') and proximal ('promoter') positions.
    EMBO J. 1992 Dec;11(13):4961-8 PMID: 1464321
  29. A synergistic increase in potency of a multimerized VP16 transcriptional activation domain.
    EMBO J. 1992 Dec;11(13):5005-12 PMID: 1464322
  30. Three in one and one in three: it all depends on TBP.
    Cell. 1993 Jan 15;72(1):7-10 PMID: 8422684
  31. Synergism in transcriptional activation: a kinetic view.
    Genes Dev. 1993 Feb;7(2):173-9 PMID: 8436289
  32. Identification of a transcriptional initiator element in the cytochrome c oxidase subunit Vb promoter which binds to transcription factors NF-E1 (YY-1, delta) and Sp1.
    J Biol Chem. 1993 Feb 25;268(6):4188-96 PMID: 8382696
  33. A common ATP requirement for open complex formation and transcription at promoters containing initiator or TATA elements.
    J Biol Chem. 1993 Mar 25;268(9):6535-40 PMID: 8454623
  34. Mechanism of initiator-mediated transcription: evidence for a functional interaction between the TATA-binding protein and DNA in the absence of a specific recognition sequence.
    Mol Cell Biol. 1993 Jul;13(7):3841-9 PMID: 8321191
  35. Similar mechanisms for transcription initiation mediated through a TATA box or an initiator element.
    J Biol Chem. 1992 Feb 5;267(4):2823-30 PMID: 1733976
  36. The complexities of eukaryotic transcription initiation: regulation of preinitiation complex assembly.
    Trends Biochem Sci. 1991 Nov;16(11):402-8 PMID: 1776168
  37. RNA polymerase-associated transcription factors.
    Trends Biochem Sci. 1991 Nov;16(11):408-11 PMID: 1776169
  38. TFIID can be rate limiting in vivo for TATA-containing, but not TATA-lacking, RNA polymerase II promoters.
    Genes Dev. 1992 Feb;6(2):304-15 PMID: 1737620
  39. The HIP1 initiator element plays a role in determining the in vitro requirement of the dihydrofolate reductase gene promoter for the C-terminal domain of RNA polymerase II.
    Mol Cell Biol. 1992 May;12(5):2250-9 PMID: 1569952
  40. The relationship between the "TATA" sequence and transcription initiation sites at the HIS4 gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1985 Dec;82(24):8557-61 PMID: 3909147
Article Info
Journal
Molecular and cellular biology
Abbr.
Mol Cell Biol
ISSN
0270-7306
DOI
10.1128/mcb.13.12.7469-7475.1993
Published
1993-12-00
Pages
7469-75
Language
English
Region
United States
NLM ID
8109087
PMCID
PMC364818
Subset
IM
External Links
PubMed source DOI: 10.1128/mcb.13.12.7469-7475.1993 PMC Full Text View journal details
Analysis Services
Analysis Services

Contact

No. 2 Wenbo Road, Zhangqiu District, Jinan, Shandong

Qilu Normal University · Genelibs Bioinformatics Lab

750 Shunhua Rd, Jinan

2F, Bldg F, University Science Park

Tel: 0531-88819269

WeChat Official Account

Follow our WeChat subscription account for real-time updates and the latest in medical and biological research.


Business Email

E-mail: [email protected]

Copyright © 2026.Genelibs Jinan Honghui Biotechnology Co., Ltd. 鲁ICP备20007159号-2